CH 9: The photoelectric effect

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Questions and Answers

What is the photoelectric effect?

  • The ejection of electrons from a metal surface when light of sufficient frequency shines upon it (correct)
  • The reflection of light from a metal surface
  • The absorption of light by a metal surface
  • The emission of light from a metal surface when it is heated

What does the photoelectric effect demonstrate about the nature of light?

  • Light is only a wave phenomenon
  • Light has no wave-particle duality
  • Light can behave as both particles (photons) and waves (correct)
  • Light is only a particle phenomenon

How is the threshold frequency related to the work function?

  • $W_0 = f_0/h$, where $f_0$ is the threshold frequency and $W_0$ is the work function
  • $f_0 = h/W_0$, where $f_0$ is the threshold frequency and $W_0$ is the work function
  • $W_0 = hf_0$, where $f_0$ is the threshold frequency and $W_0$ is the work function (correct)
  • $f_0 = W_0/h$, where $f_0$ is the threshold frequency and $W_0$ is the work function

What is the minimum energy needed to remove an electron from a metal surface?

<p>The work function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the photoelectric effect in the development of quantum mechanics?

<p>It supported Einstein's hypothesis that light consists of quanta of energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if light with a frequency below the threshold frequency shines on a metal surface?

<p>No electrons will be ejected from the metal surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a property of the photoelectric effect?

<p>The number of ejected electrons is proportional to the intensity of the light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the threshold frequency and the work function?

<p>The work function is equal to the threshold frequency multiplied by Planck's constant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the photoelectric effect?

<p>The number of ejected electrons is proportional to the intensity of the light (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the photoelectric effect contribute to the development of quantum mechanics?

<p>It demonstrated the wave-particle duality of light (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation that describes the energy of an incoming photon?

<p>$E = hf$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum kinetic energy of ejected electrons in the photoelectric effect?

<p>$E_k(max) = hf - W_0$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the intensity of light affect the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons?

<p>It has no effect on the maximum kinetic energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the frequency of light affect the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons?

<p>It increases the maximum kinetic energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the electric and magnetic field components of electromagnetic waves?

<p>They oscillate perpendicular to each other (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength and lowest frequency?

<p>Red (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of the photoelectric effect?

<p>Generating electricity in solar panels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the photoelectric effect in the development of modern physics?

<p>It provides evidence for the particle nature of light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the photoelectric effect be demonstrated experimentally?

<p>By shining light of different frequencies on various metal surfaces and observing the ejection of electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of understanding the principles of the photoelectric effect?

<p>To develop new technologies and scientific theories (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the photoelectric equation, what determines the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons?

<p>The frequency of the incident light and the work function of the metal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons when the frequency of the incident light is increased, assuming the intensity remains constant?

<p>The maximum kinetic energy increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main evidence provided by the photoelectric effect for the dual nature of light?

<p>The particle-like behavior of light in the ejection of electrons from a metal surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the intensity of the incident light affect the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons in the photoelectric effect?

<p>It has no effect on the maximum kinetic energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the threshold frequency and the work function in the photoelectric effect?

<p>The threshold frequency is proportional to the work function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength and lowest frequency?

<p>Red (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of the photoelectric effect in modern technology?

<p>Generating electricity in solar panels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the electric and magnetic field components of electromagnetic waves related?

<p>They oscillate perpendicular to each other and the direction of propagation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum energy required to remove an electron from a metal surface in the photoelectric effect?

<p>The work function of the metal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the photoelectric effect contribute to the development of quantum mechanics?

<p>It provides evidence for the particle-like nature of light (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon occurs when electrons are ejected from the surface of a metal when light of sufficient frequency shines upon it?

<p>Photoelectric effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory does the photoelectric effect support?

<p>Quantum theory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept in physics was supported by the photoelectric effect?

<p>Planck's quantum hypothesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property determines the minimum energy needed to remove an electron from a metal surface?

<p>Work function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the threshold frequency represent in the context of the photoelectric effect?

<p>Minimum frequency of light to eject electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which physical constant relates the work function and threshold frequency in the photoelectric effect?

<p>Planck's constant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when light below the threshold frequency shines on a metal surface in the context of the photoelectric effect?

<p>No electrons are ejected (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the photoelectric effect, what does the work function represent for a given metal surface?

<p>Energy required to remove an electron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the threshold frequency represent in the context of the photoelectric effect?

<p>Minimum frequency required for electron ejection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between Planck's constant and the work function in the photoelectric effect?

<p>They are equal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter determines whether electrons will be ejected from a metal surface in the photoelectric effect?

<p>Threshold frequency of the incident light (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the work function of a metal surface relate to the frequency of incident light in the photoelectric effect?

<p>No relationship between work function and light frequency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when light below the threshold frequency shines on a metal surface in the context of the photoelectric effect?

<p>No electrons are ejected (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the intensity of incident light affect the threshold frequency in the photoelectric effect?

<p>No effect on threshold frequency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines the maximum kinetic energy of electrons ejected in the photoelectric effect?

<p>Frequency of incident light (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary significance of the photoelectric effect on quantum mechanics?

<p>Demonstration of dual nature of light (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is work function called so?

<p>Due to its energy requirement for ejecting an electron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the photoelectric effect, if the frequency of the incident light is increased while keeping the intensity constant, what happens to the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons?

<p>It increases, but not proportionally to the increase in frequency. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between the electric and magnetic field components of electromagnetic waves, including visible light?

<p>They oscillate in perpendicular planes to each other and perpendicular to the direction of propagation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the intensity of the incident light is increased while keeping the frequency constant, what happens to the number of photoelectrons ejected in the photoelectric effect?

<p>The number of photoelectrons ejected increases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the energy of an incoming photon and its frequency, according to the photoelectric effect?

<p>$E = hf$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the photoelectric effect, what does the work function represent for a given metal surface?

<p>The minimum energy required to eject an electron from the metal surface. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between the threshold frequency and the work function in the photoelectric effect?

<p>The threshold frequency is equal to the work function divided by Planck's constant. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength and lowest frequency?

<p>Red (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the photoelectric effect in the development of quantum mechanics?

<p>It revealed the particle nature of light and the quantized nature of energy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the photoelectric effect, if the frequency of the incident light is below the threshold frequency, what happens to the ejected electrons?

<p>No electrons are ejected, regardless of the intensity of the light. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the photoelectric effect?

<p>The ejected electrons have a maximum kinetic energy that depends on the intensity of the incident light. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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