3 Branches of the Philippine Government
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the legislative branch in the Philippines?

  • To oversee the executive branch's budget
  • To enforce laws and ensure compliance
  • To interpret laws and adjudicate disputes
  • To make laws, amend, and repeal them (correct)

    • How many Senators make up the Philippine Senate?

  • 24 (correct)
  • 12
  • 50
  • 36

    • Which type of resolution is specifically used for proposing amendments to the Constitution?

  • Simple Resolutions
  • Joint Resolutions (correct)
  • Provisional Resolutions
  • Concurrent Resolutions

    • What percentage of the House of Representatives must be composed of Party-list representatives?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a bill and a joint resolution?

    <p>Joint resolutions are used for specific items or issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must happen for a bill to become law?

    <p>It must be passed by both chambers and signed by the President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Congress have in relation to the Philippines' Constitution?

    <p>To uphold the Constitution through enabling laws, including amendments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which institution is responsible for the legislative power in the Philippines?

    <p>Congress of the Philippines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of concurrent resolutions?

    <p>To express the sense of Congress on an issue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about simple resolutions?

    <p>They deal with matters within the prerogative of one house</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which power does the President of the Philippines not possess?

    <p>Power to create local laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Cabinet secretaries in relation to the President?

    <p>They act as the President's alter ego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Judicial power in the Philippines rests with which entities?

    <p>The Supreme Court and lower courts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What authority does the Constitution explicitly grant to the Supreme Court?

    <p>Power of Judicial Review</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one function of an executive order issued by the President?

    <p>To streamline policies and programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the role of the Vice President in relation to the Cabinet?

    <p>The Vice President may concurrently assume a Cabinet position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is control over executive departments vested?

    <p>In the President of the Philippines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which power allows the President to streamline administrative policies?

    <p>Power to give executive issuances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What power does the President have to check the actions of Congress?

    <p>Veto or disapprove bills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can Congress check the power of the President?

    <p>Override a presidential veto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a power exclusive to the Judiciary?

    <p>Declare actions of Congress illegal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of government is responsible for making laws?

    <p>Legislative Branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which responsibility does the Executive Branch NOT have?

    <p>Decide whether laws are fair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can Congress do if they disagree with a Supreme Court decision?

    <p>Amend the Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a power of the Judiciary?

    <p>Interpret laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the President have in relation to judicial appointments?

    <p>Appoint judges to federal courts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following powers allows the Judiciary to check the Executive Branch?

    <p>Declare executive actions unconstitutional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one function of the Legislative Branch?

    <p>Create and pass new laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of terms a District Representative can serve in the Philippine House of Representatives?

    <p>3 consecutive terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the composition of the Senate?

    <p>24 members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term length for the President of the Philippines?

    <p>6 years without re-election</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is not included in the composition of the Supreme Court?

    <p>Cabinet Officials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stipulation is placed on judges in the Judicial Department regarding tenure?

    <p>No term limit but must hold office during good behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum age requirement for a President or Vice President in the Philippines on the day of the election?

    <p>40 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a requirement for Senators in the Philippines?

    <p>Must be able to read and write</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional requirement must party-list representatives meet in the Philippines?

    <p>Be a bona fide member of their party for at least 90 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum age requirement for a member of the House of Representatives in the Philippines?

    <p>25 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To qualify as a Supreme Court Justice in the Philippines, a candidate must have been a judge or practiced law for how many years?

    <p>Fifteen years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What residency requirement must a member of the Senate meet before the election?

    <p>At least two years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a qualification for the President or Vice President?

    <p>Resident for at least fifteen years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum age requirement for Senators on the day of the election?

    <p>35 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which quality must a candidate for the Supreme Court possess?

    <p>Proven competence and integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following qualifications must a member of the House of Representatives meet, except for party-list representatives?

    <p>Must be a registered voter in their district</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are included in the legislative process by Congress? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Bills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Philippine Congress includes only the Senate and does not have a House of Representatives.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of Senators in the Philippine Senate?

    <p>24</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The House of Representatives can have up to _____ members.

    <p>250</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of legislative measures with their descriptions:

    <p>Bills = Become law when passed by both houses and signed by the President Joint Resolutions = Often used for proposing amendments to the Constitution Concurrent Resolutions = Used for matters affecting the operations of both houses Simple Resolutions = Convey principles or sentiments of one chamber only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of legislation is used for emergency appropriations?

    <p>Joint Resolutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bills and joint resolutions are essentially the same in the context of the legislative process.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the House of Representatives must be comprised of Party-list representatives?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of consecutive terms a Senator can serve in the Philippine Senate?

    <p>2 terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vice Presidents in the Philippines can serve an unlimited number of consecutive terms.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many members are there in the Supreme Court of the Philippines?

    <p>15</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The House of Representatives is composed of _____% party-list representatives.

    <p>20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following positions with their term limits:

    <p>Senator = 2 consecutive terms President = 1 term District Representative = 3 consecutive terms Supreme Court Justice = No term limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What power does the President have to check the actions of Congress?

    <p>Veto bills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Supreme Court can modify or set aside the judgements of the executive branch.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant action can Congress take if the President vetoes a bill?

    <p>Override the veto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The President has the power to grant ______ to individuals found guilty of crimes.

    <p>pardon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the branch of government to its responsibilities:

    <p>Legislative Branch = Make laws Executive Branch = Run the government Judicial Branch = Interpret laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of government is responsible for judging cases about national law?

    <p>Judicial Branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The legislative branch has the exclusive power to declare martial law.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one check that Congress has over the President?

    <p>Impeachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum age requirement for a Senator in the Philippines on the day of the election?

    <p>35 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ has the final authority to declare legislative measures unconstitutional.

    <p>Supreme Court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Vice President candidate must be a natural-born citizen of any country.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a duty of the Executive Branch?

    <p>Make laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the residency requirement for a member of the House of Representatives in the Philippines?

    <p>At least one year in the district where they will be elected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To qualify for the Supreme Court in the Philippines, a candidate must have been a judge or engaged in the practice of law for at least _____ years.

    <p>15</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following positions with their minimum age requirements:

    <p>President = 40 years Senator = 35 years House of Representatives = 25 years Supreme Court Justice = 40 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an additional qualification for party-list representatives in the Philippines?

    <p>Bona fide member of the party for at least 90 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All candidates for government office in the Philippines must be able to read and write.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which official is required to be a registered voter as part of their qualifications?

    <p>All officials: President, Vice President, Senators, House Representatives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The President of the Philippines must be a resident for at least _____ years immediately preceding the election.

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following qualifications with the correct officials:

    <p>President = Natural-born citizen, 40 years old Senators = Natural-born citizen, 35 years old House Representatives = Natural-born citizen, 25 years old Supreme Court Justices = Natural-born citizen, 40 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one purpose of simple resolutions in Congress?

    <p>To express an opinion of a single house</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Vice President is not allowed to assume a cabinet position.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the power of judicial review granted to the Supreme Court?

    <p>The power to declare laws and executive actions unconstitutional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ has the power to appoint Cabinet members in the Philippines.

    <p>President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following powers of the President with their descriptions:

    <p>Power of control = Control over executive departments Power of ordinance = Issue executive issuances to streamline policies Power to dissolve departments = Create or dissolve any department as necessary Supervision of local government = Mandated oversight of local government operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the President's powers is incorrect?

    <p>The President can appoint members of the Congress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The power of judicial review can be exercised by any court in the Philippines.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who has the authority to supervise the executive branch in the Philippines?

    <p>The President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ is responsible for settling controversies involving legally demandable rights.

    <p>Supreme Court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many powers does the President of the Philippines possess?

    <p>Multiple powers including executive and ordinance powers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Philippine Government

    • The Philippines operates under a presidential form of government, where power is divided into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.

    The Legislative Branch

    • The legislative power is vested in the Congress of the Philippines, which consists of a Senate and a House of Representatives.

    • The Senate has 24 members elected at large by qualified voters of the Philippines.

    • The House of Representatives has a maximum of 250 members, with 20% reserved for party-list representatives.

    • Types of Legislation:

      • Bills: Become laws after being passed by both chambers in identical form and signed by the President or passed over a presidential veto.
      • Joint Resolutions: Used for single items or issues, like emergency appropriations or proposing constitutional amendments.
      • Concurrent Resolutions: Used for matters affecting both houses and require passage in the same form by both. Examples include fixing adjournment times and expressing the "sense of Congress."
      • Simple Resolutions: Deal with matters within one house's prerogative like adopting or receiving its own rules. They are used to express a single house's opinion on current issues.

    The Executive Branch

    • The executive power is vested in the President of the Philippines.

    • The President is the Chief Executive, controlling all executive departments, bureaus, and offices.

      • Cabinet: The President appoints Cabinet members to lead executive departments.

    • The Vice President may concurrently assume a cabinet position and is mandated to assume the presidency if the President is unable to serve.

    • The Administration Code of 1987 outlines the President's power to create or dissolve any department as necessary.

    • The executive branch extends beyond the national government, and the President supervises local governments.

    The Judicial Branch

    • Judicial power rests with the Supreme Court and lower courts.

    • The Supreme Court has 15 members, including the Chief Justice and 14 Associate Justices.

    • The Supreme Court's Powers:

      • Settle legal disputes involving rights.
      • Conduct Judicial Review: the power to declare laws, treaties, and other official acts unconstitutional.

    Principle of Checks and Balances

    • All three branches are established in a balanced position to ensure checks and balances.

    • Checks by the President:

      • Can veto bills passed by Congress.
      • Can grant pardons and modify court judgements.
      • Can declare martial law or suspend the writ of habeas corpus.

    • Checks by the Congress:

      • Can override a presidential veto.
      • Can reject presidential appointments.
      • Can amend or revoke Supreme Court decisions.
      • Can impeach the President and Supreme Court members.

    • Checks by the Judiciary:

      • Can declare legislative measures or executive acts unconstitutional.
      • Can determine whether the President or Congress has abused discretion.

    Qualifications of National Government Officials

    • President and Vice-President:

      • Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
      • Registered voter
      • Able to read and write
      • At least 40 years old on election day
      • Resident of the Philippines for at least 10 years prior to the election

    • Senators:

      • Natural-born citizens of the Philippines
      • At least 35 years old on election day
      • Able to read and write
      • Registered voter
      • Resident of the Philippines for at least 2 years prior to the election

    • House of Representatives:

      • Natural-born citizens of the Philippines
      • At least 25 years old on election day
      • Able to read and write
      • Registered voter in the district they are elected
      • Resident of the district for at least 1 year prior to the election

    • Party-list Representatives (Additional Qualification):

      • Bona fide member of the party or organization for at least 90 days prior to the election

    • Supreme Court Justices:

      • Natural-born citizens of the Philippines
      • At least 40 years old
      • Served as a judge of a lower court or practiced law in the Philippines for at least 15 years
      • Proven competence, integrity, probity, and independence

    Composition and Terms of Office

    • Legislative Branch:

      • Senate: 24 members, 6 year terms, 2 consecutive terms allowed
      • House of Representatives: Up to 250 members, 3 year terms, 3 consecutive terms allowed

    • Executive Branch:

      • President: 6 year term, no re-election
      • Vice-President: 6 year term, 2 consecutive terms allowed

    • Judicial Branch:

      • Supreme Court: No term limit, hold office during good behavior until age 70 or incapacity.

    Philippine Government Structure

    • The Philippines is a presidential republic with power equally divided among three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.
    • Congress holds legislative power, composed of the Senate and House of Representatives.
    • The Senate consists of 24 senators elected at large by qualified voters.
    • The House of Representatives consists of not more than 250 members, with 20% being party-list representatives.

    Legislative Process

    • Congress is responsible for making enabling laws to uphold the spirit of the constitution.
    • Congress can also amend or change the constitution itself.

    Types of Legislation

    • Bills become laws when passed by both chambers in identical form and signed by the President or passed over a presidential veto.
    • Joint resolutions, similar to bills, are used for single items or issues, like continuing or emergency appropriations and constitutional amendments.
    • Concurrent resolutions affect both houses and require identical passage in both chambers. They fix adjournment time and express the "sense of Congress" on issues.
    • Simple resolutions concern matters within one house's prerogative and can be used for rules adoption, opinion expression, or calling for action on national issues.

    Executive Branch

    • The President and Vice-President compose the executive branch.
    • The Constitution grants the President authority to appoint cabinet members.
    • The President is the chief executive, exercising control over executive departments, bureaus, and offices.

    Powers of the President

    • The President has the power to control all executive departments, bureaus, and offices.
    • The President has the power to issue executive issuances to streamline policy and programs.

    Vice-President

    • The Vice-President may assume a cabinet position concurrently after succeeding the former President.
    • The Vice-President is mandated to assume the presidency.

    Cabinet

    • Cabinet secretaries act as the alter ego of the President.
    • The number of cabinet secretaries varies over time.
    • The Administration Code of 1987 allows the President to create or dissolve departments at his discretion.
    • The executive branch extends beyond the national government.
    • The President supervises local governments nationwide.

    Judicial Branch

    • The Supreme Court and lower courts hold judicial power.
    • The Supreme Court has the power to declare treaties, international or executive agreements, laws, presidential decrees, proclamations, orders, instructions, ordinances, or regulations unconstitutional (Judicial Review).

    Principle of Checks and Balances

    • The Constitution establishes three co-equal branches with balanced positions.
    • Each branch has powers to check the others to maintain or restore balance.

    Checks by the President

    • Can veto or disapprove bills enacted by Congress
    • May modify or set aside the judgements of the courts through pardoning power
    • Can revoke the proclamation of martial law or suspension of the writ of habeas corpus.

    Checks by the Congress

    • Can override the President's veto
    • Can reject certain Presidential appointments
    • Can amend or revoke the Court's decisions
    • Has the power to impeach the President and Supreme Court members.

    Checks by the Judiciary

    • Can declare legislative measures or executive acts unconstitutional.
    • Can determine whether there has been grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part of the President or Congress.

    Qualifications for National Government Officials

    • President and Vice-President:

      • Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
      • Registered voter
      • Able to read and write
      • At least 40 years old on the day of the election
      • Resident of the Philippines for at least 10 years immediately preceding the election

    • Senators:

      • Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
      • At least 35 years old on the day of the election
      • Able to read and write
      • Registered voter
      • Resident of the Philippines for at least 2 years immediately preceding the election

    • House of Representatives:

      • Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
      • At least 25 years old on the day of the election
      • Able to read and write
      • Registered voter in the district of election (except for party-list representatives)
      • Resident of the district for at least 1 year preceding the election

    • Party-List Representatives:

      • Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
      • At least 25 years old on the day of the election
      • Able to read and write
      • Bona fide member of the party or organization for at least 90 days preceding the election

    • Supreme Court:

      • Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
      • At least 40 years old
      • 15 years or more experience as a lower court judge or practicing law in the Philippines
      • Demonstrated competence, integrity, probity, and independence

    Composition of Branches

    • Legislative:

      • Senate: 24 members
      • House of Representatives: Not more than 250 members, including party-list representatives
        • District representatives: 80%
        • Party-list representatives: 20%
        • Currently 229 District Representatives and 56 Party-List Representatives.

    • Executive:

      • President: Chief Executive
      • Vice-President
      • Cabinet Officials

    • Judicial:

      • Supreme Court: 15 members
        • 1 Chief Justice
        • 14 Associate Justices

    Terms of Office

    • Legislative:

      • Senate: 2 consecutive 6-year terms
      • House of Representatives: 3 consecutive 3-year terms

    • Executive:

      • President: 1 term of 6 years, no re-election
      • Vice-President: 2 consecutive 6-year terms

    • Judicial:

      • No term limit for Supreme Court Justices. They hold office during good behavior until they reach 70 years old or become incapacitated.

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    Philippine Government Branches PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the structure and functions of the Philippine government, focusing on its presidential system and the legislative branch. Explore the roles of the Senate and the House of Representatives, along with various types of legislation. This quiz will challenge your understanding of Philippine governance!

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