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What is the fundamental principle of the modern periodic table?
What is the fundamental principle of the modern periodic table?
Arrangement of elements in increasing atomic number
What was Robert Boyle's contribution to the concept of an element?
What was Robert Boyle's contribution to the concept of an element?
An element cannot be split into simpler substances by chemical means
What was Johann Dobereiner's discovery regarding the elements in a triad?
What was Johann Dobereiner's discovery regarding the elements in a triad?
The atomic weight of the middle element is halfway between the other two elements
What was the significance of John Newlands' octave pattern?
What was the significance of John Newlands' octave pattern?
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How did Henry Moseley arrange the periodic table?
How did Henry Moseley arrange the periodic table?
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How did Henry Moseley determine the number of protons in an atom's nucleus?
How did Henry Moseley determine the number of protons in an atom's nucleus?
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What was the primary reason behind Dmitri Mendeleev's decision to place iodine and tellurium out of order of atomic weight in the periodic table?
What was the primary reason behind Dmitri Mendeleev's decision to place iodine and tellurium out of order of atomic weight in the periodic table?
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What was the significance of Humphry Davy's use of electrolysis in the development of the periodic table?
What was the significance of Humphry Davy's use of electrolysis in the development of the periodic table?
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What was the significance of the gaps left in Mendeleev's periodic table?
What was the significance of the gaps left in Mendeleev's periodic table?
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How did the discovery of the atomic number by Henry Moseley impact the development of the periodic table?
How did the discovery of the atomic number by Henry Moseley impact the development of the periodic table?
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Suggest a reason why Mendeleev did not suspect the existence of argon.
Suggest a reason why Mendeleev did not suspect the existence of argon.
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Why did Mendeleev place tellurium before iodine in his periodic table?
Why did Mendeleev place tellurium before iodine in his periodic table?
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Study Notes
Development of the Periodic Table
- Ancient Greeks believed in 4 elements: Earth, Air, Wind, Fire.
- Robert Boyle defined an element as a substance that cannot be split into simpler substances by chemical means.
Contributions of Key Scientists
- Humphry Davy used electrolysis to break down water into hydrogen and oxygen and isolated potassium and sodium.
- Johann Dobereiner discovered triads, where elements in a triad have similar chemical properties and the atomic weight of the middle element is halfway between the other two.
- John Newlands arranged elements in increasing atomic weights and found that the eighth element had properties similar to the first, calling these groups octaves.
Dmitri Mendeleev's Contributions
- Arranged elements in order of increasing atomic weight.
- Listed subgroups for elements like Cu & Ag whose properties didn't fit into the main group.
- Placed Iodine & Tellurium out of order of atomic weight.
- Left gaps for undiscovered elements and predicted their properties.
Henry Moseley's Contributions
- Arranged elements in order of increasing atomic number, not atomic weight.
- Used X-rays to determine the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
The Modern Periodic Table
- A list of elements arranged in increasing atomic number.
- Arranged into horizontal periods and vertical groups.
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Learn about the history and development of the periodic table.
