The Marcos Dictatorship in the Philippines
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Questions and Answers

What did Filomeno Aguilar Jr. emphasize in his keynote speech regarding the Marcos past?

  • The strength of the Marcos political narrative during Martial Law
  • The necessity of government intervention in education
  • The failure of the scholarly community to influence the discourse (correct)
  • The importance of tourism for economic growth

    • Ferdinand Marcos was generally viewed as a hero in Filipino history.

    False

    Who is referred to as Ferdinand Uno in the content?

    Ferdinand Marcos

    The Martial Law era in the Philippines lasted from __________ to __________.

    <p>1972, 1986</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Caroline Hau suggest is necessary for analyzing the Marcos dictatorship?

    <p>Proper periodization of Marcos rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ferdinand Dos successfully exploited the political stability established during Ferdinand Uno's rule.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effects did Ferdinand Uno's plan have on Philippine history?

    <p>It established political stability and created a socio-political base for future Marcos leaders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following phrases with the descriptions provided:

    <p>Filomeno Aguilar Jr. = Speaker emphasizing scholarly influence Ferdinand Uno = Initial presidency announcement in 1964 Martial Law = Period from 1972 to 1986 Caroline Hau = Advocate for proper periodization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the primary reasons for Ferdinand Uno's failure in developing a successful economy?

    <p>Investment in personal preferred industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ferdinand Uno declared Martial Law in 1972 to strengthen the economy.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one of the three code names Ferdinand Uno used during Martial Law.

    <p>Code Blue, Code Red, or Code Yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The economic failure under Ferdinand Uno was significantly influenced by __________.

    <p>corruption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events with their corresponding dates or descriptions:

    <p>Martial Law Declaration = 1972 Ninoy Aquino Ambush = 22 Plaza Miranda Rally = 21 afternoon Capture of Aquino = 23</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the corruption linked with personal favoritism in the allocation of government funds?

    <p>Crony Capitalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The EDSA Revolution was seen as a pivotal moment in Philippine history.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event led to the disappearance of anti-Marcos forces from the public arena?

    <p>Declaration of Martial Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was an instrument used by Ferdinand Uno during his first term to dominate the Philippine Congress?

    <p>Public sentiment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ferdinand Uno ruled for 21 years before his term ended.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who did Ferdinand Uno trust to manage the economy during his first term?

    <p>Technocrats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ferdinand Uno's first term began in December _____.

    <p>1965</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following policies with their proponents:

    <p>Filipino First Policy = Carlos P. Garcia Decontrol Policy = Diosdado Macapagal Technocracy = Ferdinand Uno Radical Reformer = Ferdinand Marcos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What economic model did Ferdinand Uno's technocrats aim to emulate?

    <p>South Korean Economic Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ferdinand Uno focused heavily on infrastructure spending during his first term.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ferdinand Uno aimed to implement development programs through the use of the _____.

    <p>military</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Ferdinand Uno's choice for Vice President during the elections?

    <p>Fernando Lopez</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Macapagal supported the involvement of the Philippines in the Vietnam War.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change did Macapagal make regarding Independence Day?

    <p>He changed the date of Independence Day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ferdinand Uno emphasized the word '______' 15 times in his December 1965 speech.

    <p>nation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following individuals with their associated facts:

    <p>Macapagal = Allegations during the Stonehill Scandal Fernando Uno = Opposed the Vietnam War Fernando Lopez = Vice President Candidate Ferdinand Marcos = Supported the Vietnam War</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main campaign promise of Ferdinand Uno?

    <p>Not to involve the Philippines in the Vietnam War</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Americans were eager to support Ferdinand Uno's social development program.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What social development program was connected to Ferdinand Uno’s campaign?

    <p>Aid from the US for social development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event is associated with the Jabidah Massacre?

    <p>Operation Merdeka</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) outnumbered the total number of armed communists in 1971.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who packed the Supreme Court with close associates to help legalize his dictatorship?

    <p>Ferdinand Uno</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The series of events allowed Ferdinand Uno to declare ___________ in the Philippines.

    <p>martial law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the events with their respective years:

    <p>Plaza Miranda Bombing = 1971 Ambush of Defense Secretary J.P.E = 1972 M.V. Karagatan Incident = 1972 MNLF-Muslim Insurgency = 1972</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was seen by many Filipinos as an opportunity to bring order?

    <p>Martial law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Muslim insurgents were primarily active in the Visayas region.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the consequence of the coup d'etat against Ferdinand Uno's plans for the Muslims?

    <p>He killed the Muslims involved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Nation Under Dictatorship

    • Marcos never left because Filipinos allowed his return.
    • This study compares the Marcos presidency from 1965-1972 with 1972-1986.

    Problem Setting

    • 2018, Filomeno Aguilar Jr. (Ateneo De Manila University) focused on how the Philippine scholarly community failed to influence discussions regarding the Marcos past.
    • The narrative surrounding Marcos and Martial Law persists despite the murder, corruption, and plunder.
    • Aguilar emphasizes the need for a more nuanced and truthful narrative.

    History and Marcos Dictatorship

    • Marcos's actions had lasting effects on Philippine politics, evident in Ferdinand Marcos Jr.'s political influence.
    • Ferdinand Marcos Jr. exploited his father's influence for socio-political gain in 2022,

    Methodology and Framework on Marcos Dictatorship

    • A proper periodization of Marcos's rule and a deeper analysis of tensions between plunder, cronyism, technocracy, and developmentalism are needed.
    • A background differentiating "poor boy from Lubao" versus "Apo Lakay" is needed.

    December 1965 Speech

    • Ferdinand Marcos promised national greatness, using the word "nation" 15 times.
    • He spoke of building a modern republic in Asia and Africa. He spoke of a nation based on ballots, not bullets.
    • Marcos emphasized the importance of Kawit and Malolos in Philippine history.

    1972 Marcos's Actions

    • Marcos used public sentiment, executive dominance of Congress, and military support for development programs.
    • These were part of political measures that bypassed the Congress.

    Marcos and Developmental Economics

    • Marcos's technocrats promoted a development model like Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan.
    • However, this model failed due to corruption and a focus on cronies rather than export-oriented businesses.
    • There was also a lack of attention to inflation and export infrastructure.
    • Marcos's economic decisions prioritized personal interests over national progress.

    Crony Capitalism

    • Marcos's economic policies led to crony capitalism, a system where relationships with powerful figures, rather than merit, determined economic success.

    The Declaration of Martial Rule

    • Martial Law was declared in 1972.
    • Marcos used a loophole in the 1935 constitution to justify his actions.

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    Description

    Explore the complex legacy of Ferdinand Marcos's presidency from 1965 to 1986. This quiz delves into the historical, political, and social impacts of his dictatorship, examining how narratives around his regime continue to influence Filipino society today. Assess your understanding of key events, issues, and figures related to this significant era in Philippine history.

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