The Impact of Environment on Human Behavior Quiz

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Questions and Answers

According to rational choice theory, when will crime occur?

When the benefits are low and the costs are high

When the benefits are high and the costs are high

When the benefits are low and the costs are low

When the benefits are high and the costs are low (correct)

What is the emotional component of the psychological dimension?

Purposeful motivations

Biological reactions

Social phenomena

Subjective feelings (correct)

What is the most common emotion associated with violent crimes?

Guilt

Fright

Anger (correct)

Anxiety

What is the difference between subjective and biological dimensions of emotions?

Subjective refers to feelings, while biological refers to bodily reactions Signup and view all the answers

According to the rational choice approach, what is the foundation of crime?

Crime is chosen for its benefits Signup and view all the answers

What is the emphasis of the rational choice approach?

The individual processes leading to the decision to commit a crime Signup and view all the answers

What are some advantages of committing theft according to the rational choice approach?

Financial gain Signup and view all the answers

What is the cost-benefit analysis that criminals do according to the rational choice approach?

Assessing the risks of the venture compared with the expected profits Signup and view all the answers

What is the volitional component of the psychological dimension?

Purposeful behavior and free will Signup and view all the answers

What are some major characteristics of psychopaths?

A short temper and emotional immaturity Signup and view all the answers

What are some major contributing factors in violence?

Humiliating encounters and threats to reputation and status Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative response to withdrawal or learned helplessness?

Attack or lashing out Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a family environmental factor that may contribute to delinquent behavior?

Low economic status Signup and view all the answers

What is the most significant influence on a child's perception of themselves?

Family Signup and view all the answers

According to Walsh (2015), what kind of parenting can mute negative traits that children may bring with them to the socialization process?

Patient, nurturing, and loving parenting Signup and view all the answers

What does Burke (2014) suggest can shield children against involvement in criminality and antisocial behavior?

Instilling appropriate moral values Signup and view all the answers

What is intention defined as?

Knowing what one wants to do or achieve and willing that act or result Signup and view all the answers

What are the three forms of intention mentioned in the text?

Direct intention, indirect intention, and foreseeing consequences Signup and view all the answers

What are the two extreme poles of the continuum regarding free will mentioned in the text?

Classical School and hard determinism Signup and view all the answers

What is hard determinism according to the text?

A person's behavior is completely determined by factors outside the conscious person and that choice is irrelevant Signup and view all the answers

According to research, what is a common characteristic of families with delinquent children?

High levels of parental conflict Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between parental discord and children's behavior?

Parental discord is antecedent to delinquent behavior in children Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of disruptive and quarrelsome relationships between parents?

They disrupt the entire family Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of parenting skills in delinquent behavior?

Parenting skills are directly related to delinquent behavior Signup and view all the answers

Do parents need to be separated for parental conflict to affect children's behavior?

No, parents do not need to be separated Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of parental conflict mentioned in the text?

Excessive arguments and blame Signup and view all the answers

What is soft determinism?

The belief that humans have limited free will influenced by genetic and environmental factors Signup and view all the answers

What is non-pathological criminal incapacity according to the text?

A condition caused by provocation or intoxication Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the section on the social dimension in the text?

To give a broad outline of the individual's interaction with the immediate environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between awareness of unlawfulness and capacity?

Awareness of unlawfulness deals with the person's knowledge of unlawfulness, while capacity refers to their ability to appreciate the wrongfulness of their conduct Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Rational Choice Theory and Crime

Crime occurs when the perceived benefits outweigh the risks or costs associated with the act.
The foundation of crime, according to the rational choice approach, is the decision-making process of individuals evaluating risks and rewards.

Emotional and Psychological Dimensions

The emotional component relates to feelings that may drive criminal behavior, such as rage or fear.
The most common emotion associated with violent crimes is anger.
The volitional component pertains to an individual's capacity to make choices and execute decisions in a given situation.

Subjective vs. Biological Dimensions of Emotions

Subjective dimensions relate to personal experiences and feelings, while biological dimensions involve physiological responses to emotional stimuli.

Characteristics of Psychopaths

Major characteristics of psychopaths include a lack of empathy, manipulative behavior, superficial charm, and impulsivity.

Factors Contributing to Violence

Major contributing factors in violence include environmental influences, social learning, and psychological traits.
An alternative response to withdrawal or learned helplessness is proactive engagement or assertiveness.

Family Environmental Factors

Family factors contributing to delinquent behavior include parental neglect, discord, and inconsistent disciplinary practices.

Child Perception Influences

The most significant influence on a child's self-perception is parental feedback and interaction.

Parenting Styles and Traits

Positive parenting can mute negative traits children may have from the socialization process, fostering resilience and adaptability.
Burke (2014) suggests that supportive environments can shield children from criminality and antisocial behavior.

Intention and Criminal Behavior

Intention is defined as the purpose or goal behind one's actions.
Three forms of intention include direct intention, oblique intention, and recklessness.

Free Will and Determinism

The continuum regarding free will spans from hard determinism, where all actions are predetermined, to complete free will, where individuals have absolute control over their choices.
Hard determinism implies that human behavior is governed by preceding physical laws and circumstances.

Parental Influence on Delinquency

Families with delinquent children commonly exhibit poor communication, low supervision, and lack of warmth.
Parental discord negatively influences children's behavior, often leading to increased aggression and delinquency.

Parenting Skills and Conflict

Effective parenting skills are crucial in mitigating delinquent behavior.
Parental conflict affects children’s behavior even if parents are not separated; ongoing arguments can create a hostile environment.

Examples of Parental Conflict

Examples of parental conflict may include verbal disagreements, inconsistent discipline, and lack of support for each other.

Soft Determinism

Soft determinism suggests that while behavior is influenced by external factors, individuals retain some degree of free will in their decision-making.

The social dimension section aims to explore how social contexts and relationships influence criminal behavior.

Awareness and Capacity

Awareness of unlawfulness refers to an individual's recognition that their actions are illegal, while capacity involves the ability to act according to that awareness and make sound decisions.

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Description

Explore the complex interaction between individuals and their environment in this quiz. Learn about the influence of various factors, such as family, school, peers, and community, on human behavior. Test your knowledge on how environmental factors can contribute to criminal behavior.