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Questions and Answers
What was the primary goal of the Hijrat Movement?
What was the primary goal of the Hijrat Movement?
- To encourage Muslims to leave British-controlled territories as a form of protest. (correct)
- To encourage Muslims to migrate to British-controlled territories for better opportunities.
- To establish a separate Muslim state within British-controlled India.
- To unite Hindus and Muslims against the British rule through mass migration.
Which of the following factors contributed to the decline of the Hijrat Movement?
Which of the following factors contributed to the decline of the Hijrat Movement?
- Focus shifted towards alternative methods of resistance and political action. (correct)
- Increased support from the British government.
- Successful integration of migrants into new regions.
- Improved economic conditions in British-controlled territories.
Why was Hindu-Muslim unity considered 'doomed to failure', according to this text?
Why was Hindu-Muslim unity considered 'doomed to failure', according to this text?
- Because Hindus and Muslims had conflicting religious beliefs and practices.
- Because Muslims were not willing to protect Hindu religious rights.
- Because the Hindu aim of 'self-rule' did not align with Muslim objectives. (correct)
- Because the British actively worked to divide the two communities.
What was the main reason for Mahatma Gandhi's suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement after the Chauri Chaura incident?
What was the main reason for Mahatma Gandhi's suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement after the Chauri Chaura incident?
What direct action did protestors take during the Chauri Chaura incident?
What direct action did protestors take during the Chauri Chaura incident?
How did the Chauri Chaura incident directly contradict the philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi?
How did the Chauri Chaura incident directly contradict the philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi?
What can be accurately inferred from the text about the North-West Frontier Province (now in Pakistan) during the Hijrat Movement?
What can be accurately inferred from the text about the North-West Frontier Province (now in Pakistan) during the Hijrat Movement?
What was the immediate trigger that caused the protest in Chauri Chaura to turn violent?
What was the immediate trigger that caused the protest in Chauri Chaura to turn violent?
Flashcards
Hijrat Movement
Hijrat Movement
A movement encouraging Muslims to leave British-controlled territories as a form of protest.
Chauri-Chaura Incident
Chauri-Chaura Incident
An event in 1922 where protestors clashed with police, resulting in a police station being burned down and deaths of policemen.
Suspension of Non-Cooperation Movement
Suspension of Non-Cooperation Movement
The suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement. Gandhi halted the movement due to violence.
Amritsar Massacre
Amritsar Massacre
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Bicameral Legislature
Bicameral Legislature
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Dharby
Dharby
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Autonomy
Autonomy
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Communal Electorates
Communal Electorates
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Study Notes
The Hijrat Movement
- Emerged in response to British policies that deeply affected Indian Muslims' religious sentiments.
- The term "Hijrat" means migration.
- This movement encouraged Muslims to leave British-controlled territories in protest.
- The Hijrat Movement gained momentum after the failure of the Khilafat and Non-Cooperation Movements.
- Indian Muslims sought refuge in areas beyond British control, such as the North-West Frontier Province, now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan), and Afghanistan.
- Migrants believed that migrating to these regions would enable them to escape British rule and live according to Islamic principles.
- The Hijrat Movement faced significant challenges.
- Many migrants experienced hardship and poverty in the unfamiliar regions they moved to.
- The movement did not achieve its desired goal of freeing Muslims from British rule.
- It waned as more Indians began to focus on alternative methods of resistance and political action.
The Chauri-Chaura Incident
- Occurred during India's Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922 in Chauri Chaura, Uttar Pradesh.
- Protesters gathered and demonstrated against the British government's policies.
- The peaceful protest turned violent when the police force fired upon the unarmed crowd, resulting in casualties among the protesters.
- In retaliation, an infuriated mob stormed the police station and set it on fire.
- Around 22 policemen died
- Mahatma Gandhi, who emphasized non-violent resistance, was deeply disturbed by this violent escalation and loss of lives.
- Gandhi suspended the Non-Cooperation Movement due to the departure from non-violent principles.
- Gandhi urged Indians to reevaluate their methods of protest and emphasize peaceful resistance in the struggle for independence.
The Longevity of Hindu-Muslim Unity
- Muslims and Hindus had united on various instances against the British
- Unity was always destined to fail
- The Hindu aim of 'self-rule' was not an objective of the Muslims.
- The Hindus supported the Muslims' religious rights to move the subcontinent toward self-rule.
- The Muslims realized that the two-nation theory was valid
- Despite a temporary alliance, a long-term coalition with Hindus was not possible.
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Description
The Hijrat Movement encouraged Indian Muslims to migrate from British-controlled territories in protest of British policies. Seeking refuge in areas like the North-West Frontier Province and Afghanistan, migrants aimed to live according to Islamic principles. However, the movement faced challenges and eventually waned as other forms of resistance emerged.
