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Questions and Answers
What prompted the Hijrat Movement in 1920 among Muslim communities?
What prompted the Hijrat Movement in 1920 among Muslim communities?
- Encouragement from the Afghan government
- The desire to establish a new government in India
- The hope of joining forces with other communities
- Belief that India had become a land of war (correct)
Which factor contributed to the collaboration between Mr. Gandhi and Muslims?
Which factor contributed to the collaboration between Mr. Gandhi and Muslims?
- The failure of the British to address Indian grievances
- The impact of World War I on India
- The establishment of the Lucknow Pact in 1916 (correct)
- The rise of alternative political parties
What was the main aim of the Non-Cooperation Movement initiated by Mr. Gandhi?
What was the main aim of the Non-Cooperation Movement initiated by Mr. Gandhi?
- To engage in armed rebellion against British rule
- To promote the use of violence to achieve independence
- To encourage reliance on British institutions
- To adopt non-violent means of resistance against British rule (correct)
What incident marked the end of the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922?
What incident marked the end of the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922?
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What concerns did Mr. Jinnah express regarding the movement?
What concerns did Mr. Jinnah express regarding the movement?
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What was the primary reason for the failure of the Hijrat Movement?
What was the primary reason for the failure of the Hijrat Movement?
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How did public sentiment shift among Muslims following the Hijrat Movement?
How did public sentiment shift among Muslims following the Hijrat Movement?
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Study Notes
The Hijrat Movement
- In 1920, 18,000 Muslims attempted to migrate to Afghanistan, largely motivated by the belief that India had become a land of war.
- The movement ultimately failed, driven by the Afghan government's inability to accommodate such a large number of migrants.
- This movement led to the decline of the Khilafat movement and the loss of faith among many Muslims.
The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922)
- The movement aimed to achieve Indian independence through non-violent means, drawing inspiration from the success of the Khilafat movement.
- Key figures such as Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah, united their efforts through the Lucknow Pact (1916), promoting non-cooperation in various domains like education and political participation.
- Mr.Jinnah had concerns regarding premature withdrawal from cooperation, arguing for the development of alternative institutions.
- The movement saw participation by Indians refusing titles and positions, boycotting British institutions like schools, colleges, and courts.
- The Chauri Chaura incident in 1922 marked the end of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
- The incident involved police firing upon demonstrators, leading to a violent response, the death of 22 policemen and Gandhi's subsequent decision to call off the movement, upholding his commitment to non-violence.
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