The Epidemiology of Histoplasmosis

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Where is Histoplasma capsulatum most commonly found?

In the soil of the Midwest and southeast USA (correct)

In the plants of the Midwest and southeast USA

In the air of the Midwest and southeast USA

In the water of the Midwest and southeast USA

What form does Histoplasma capsulatum take within the lung?

Viral form

Yeast form (correct)

Mycelial form

Bacterial form

What is a common symptom of Histoplasma capsulatum infection?

Fever (correct)

Nausea

Dizziness

Headache

What can be seen in a CXR of a patient with Histoplasma capsulatum infection?

Single or multiple nodules Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity is activated by Histoplasma capsulatum infection?

T-cell-mediated immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Histoplasma capsulatum?

Inhalation of spores from contaminated soil Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following populations is at a higher risk for Histoplasma capsulatum infection?

Pigeon fanciers and cavers Signup and view all the answers

What type of disease manifestations are commonly associated with Histoplasma capsulatum infection?

Highly variable, can be asymptomatic Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature seen in CXR of a patient with Histoplasma capsulatum infection?

Multiple nodules which may calcify in a 'target lesion' pattern Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity is activated in response to Histoplasma capsulatum infection?

T-cell-mediated immunity Signup and view all the answers

What causes an Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)?

Acute thrombus formation in a ruptured or eroded atheromatous coronary artery plaque Signup and view all the answers

What type of ischaemia is associated with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)?

Extensive ischaemia with a degree of cardiomyocyte necrosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the mainstay of treatment for patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)?

Primary angioplasty or fibrinolytic therapy Signup and view all the answers

What can occur less frequently and without cell loss in myocardial ischaemia?

Unstable angina Signup and view all the answers

What has the introduction of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin measurements resulted in?

Increase in the detection of MI and decrease in the diagnosis of unstable angina Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of sudden total occlusion of a major vessel in the heart?

Acute ST elevation myocardial infarction Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with less extensive ischaemia in the heart?

Incomplete occlusion or a good collateral blood supply Signup and view all the answers

What can cause Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)?

Acute thrombus formation in a ruptured or eroded atheromatous coronary artery plaque Signup and view all the answers

What condition can occur without cell loss in myocardial ischaemia?

Unstable angina Signup and view all the answers

What has the introduction of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin measurements led to?