The Effect of 'Best Possible Self' Intervention on Optimism
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between the experimental and control groups in the 'Your Best Possible Self' intervention?

  • The duration of the intervention
  • The type of story written and imagery performed (correct)
  • The number of participants in each group
  • The amount of time spent on imagery exercises
  • What does the 'Your Best Possible Self' intervention suggest about the relationship between optimism and initial dispositional optimism levels?

  • People high in optimism benefit more from the intervention
  • People low in optimism are more resistant to the intervention
  • Initial optimism levels do not affect the intervention's outcome (correct)
  • The intervention only works for people with moderate optimism levels
  • What is a key component of 'Hope Therapy' according to the text?

  • Focusing on past failures
  • Practicing mindfulness exercises
  • Setting specific goals and finding various pathways to achieve them (correct)
  • Reframing negative thoughts
  • What can be inferred about the effect of the 'Your Best Possible Self' intervention on attribution style scores?

    <p>They increase significantly compared to the control condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the 'When One Door Closes, Another One Opens...' exercise?

    <p>Thinking about times when important doors have closed and new ones have opened</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential long-term effect of the 'Your Best Possible Self' intervention on optimism, according to the text?

    <p>A sustained increase in optimism, independent of mood effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary condition required for the experience of gratitude according to McCullogh, Kimeldorf, and Cohen (2008)?

    <p>The perception of benefiting from another person's intentional action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between expressing gratitude once a week versus three times a week in terms of well-being?

    <p>Expressing gratitude once a week leads to increased well-being, while three times a week leads to decreased well-being.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a form of mental training that aims to develop an affective state of unconditional kindness to all people?

    <p>Loving-Kindness Meditation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential benefit of expressing positive emotions?

    <p>Decreased symptoms of psychological disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the object of gratitude?

    <p>Other-directed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of happiness interventions?

    <p>To increase positive emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of sharing a positive event with someone, according to Capitalization research?

    <p>Enhanced emotional well-being independent of the event itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of Active-Constructive Responding in a social interaction?

    <p>Responding with enthusiasm and excitement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Acts of Kindness, according to Lyubomirsky, Tkach, and Sheldon (2004)?

    <p>Benefiting others and making them happy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key concept in Eudaimonic Well-Being related to finding meaning and purpose?

    <p>Transcendence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinction between Spirituality and Religiousness?

    <p>Spirituality is a broader concept than Religiousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of cultivating positive social connections, according to Positive Psychology?

    <p>Increased happiness and life satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    "Your Best Possible Self" Intervention

    • 54 university students and faculty (mostly female) participated in an experiment with two groups: experimental and control groups.
    • Experimental group: wrote their "Best Possible Self" story and performed a 5-minute imagery exercise daily for two weeks.
    • Control group: wrote their "Daily Activities" story and performed a 5-minute imagery exercise daily for two weeks.
    • Results: daily imagery of Best Possible Self for two weeks leads to sustained increases in optimism.

    Hope Therapy

    • Setting specific goals and finding alternative pathways to achieve them.
    • Identifying possible challenges and ways to overcome them.

    When One Door Closes, Another One Opens...

    • Think about times in life when important doors closed, and new doors opened as a result.

    Positive Psychology and Well-being

    • Reduction of negative emotions and improved mental health (fewer symptoms of psychological disorders).
    • Enhancement of positive emotions.

    Expressing Gratitude

    • Gratitude: a positive emotion that flows from the perception of benefiting from another person's costly, intentional, voluntary action.
    • Objects of gratitude: persons, nature, or nonhuman sources.
    • Gratitude exercise: participants who expressed gratitude regularly showed increases in well-being over six weeks, but only when performed once a week.

    Loving-Kindness Meditation

    • A form of mental training that aims to develop unconditional kindness to all people.

    Capitalization

    • Sharing a positive event with someone and deriving additional benefit from it.
    • Increased positive affect and well-being independent of the positive event itself.

    Active-Constructive Responding

    • Responding to good news with enthusiasm and support.

    Acts of Kindness

    • Behaviors that benefit others or make them happy, usually at a personal cost.

    Eudaimonic Well-Being

    • "Finding Meaning: Spirituality".
    • Spirituality: having coherent beliefs about the higher purpose and meaning of the universe.
    • Transcendence: a connection to the larger universe providing meaning to one's life.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the 'Best Possible Self' intervention, a psychological experiment that aims to increase optimism in individuals. The study involves two groups, an experimental group and a control group, with different daily activities and imagery exercises. The results show the impact of daily imagery on optimism levels. Test your understanding of this study and its findings.

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