19 Questions
What is the primary function of the mitochondria?
Cellular respiration and energy production
Which organelle is responsible for secretion in the cell?
Golgi Apparatus
What is the function of the nuclear membrane in eukaryotic cells?
Separates genetic material from cytoplasm
Where are chloroplasts found and what is their primary function?
Plants; Photosynthesis
During cell division, what contributes to the shape of the chromosome?
Position of the centromere
In humans, what is the diploid chromosome number (2N)?
46
What is the term for chromosomes that are structurally alike and of the same size or length?
Homologous chromosomes
What is the term for the shorter arm of a chromosome, where 'p' stands for 'petite'?
P arm
In which type of chromosome does the centromere location lie close to the end?
Acrocentric
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
Presence of nuclear membrane
Which organelle is responsible for providing cellular energy through respiration and oxidation?
Mitochondria
What is the primary function of the centrosome and centriole in a cell?
Duplicating genetic material
What is the term for the threadlike structures found in the nuclei of the cell that are carriers of genes?
Chromatids
What is the term for the dark network in the nucleus that becomes distinct bodies or chromosomes during cell division?
Chromatin
What is the term for the location of the centromere close to the end of a chromosome?
Acrocentric
What is the term for the smaller arm of a chromosome, where 'p' stands for 'petite'?
Centromere arm
In humans, what is the diploid chromosome number (2N)?
46
What are homologous chromosomes?
Chromosomes with identical sizes and centromere positions
What do acrocentric chromosomes refer to?
Chromosomes with centromere close to end
This quiz covers the fundamentals of cells, including the structure of cytoplasm and nucleus, and the distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It also introduces the basic concepts of the chromosomal basis of heredity.
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