The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity: Lecture Two
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the mitochondria?

  • Protein synthesis
  • Lipid production
  • Cellular respiration and energy production (correct)
  • Waste elimination

    • Which organelle is responsible for secretion in the cell?

  • Centrosome
  • Golgi Apparatus (correct)
  • Ribosomes
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum

    • What is the function of the nuclear membrane in eukaryotic cells?

  • Stores genetic information
  • Separates genetic material from cytoplasm (correct)
  • Synthesizes proteins
  • Facilitates cellular mobility

    • Where are chloroplasts found and what is their primary function?

    <p>Plants; Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During cell division, what contributes to the shape of the chromosome?

    <p>Position of the centromere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In humans, what is the diploid chromosome number (2N)?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for chromosomes that are structurally alike and of the same size or length?

    <p>Homologous chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the shorter arm of a chromosome, where 'p' stands for 'petite'?

    <p>P arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of chromosome does the centromere location lie close to the end?

    <p>Acrocentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Presence of nuclear membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for providing cellular energy through respiration and oxidation?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the centrosome and centriole in a cell?

    <p>Duplicating genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the threadlike structures found in the nuclei of the cell that are carriers of genes?

    <p>Chromatids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the dark network in the nucleus that becomes distinct bodies or chromosomes during cell division?

    <p>Chromatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the location of the centromere close to the end of a chromosome?

    <p>Acrocentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the smaller arm of a chromosome, where 'p' stands for 'petite'?

    <p>Centromere arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In humans, what is the diploid chromosome number (2N)?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are homologous chromosomes?

    <p>Chromosomes with identical sizes and centromere positions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do acrocentric chromosomes refer to?

    <p>Chromosomes with centromere close to end</p> Signup and view all the answers

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