24 Questions
Which layer of the heart is the most superficial?
Epicardium
Where is the heart located within the body?
In the pericardial cavity
Which chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping blood out to the body or lungs?
Left ventricle
How many circuits are found in the heart?
2
Which of the following structures attaches at the base of the heart?
Pulmonary trunk
What is the function of the auricles in the heart?
Collect blood and push it into lower chambers
What is the function of Ca++ channels at 0mV during repolarization?
Close
What is the purpose of the long refractory period in cardiac muscle?
To prevent premature contractions
Which component of the electrocardiogram represents the repolarization of the ventricles?
T wave
What is the role of troponin in muscle contraction?
It binds to Ca++ to allow myosin and actin cross-bridge formation
What is the main function of artificial pacemakers in the heart?
To deliver electrical impulses for effective heart contractions
What is the purpose of electrodes placed on the body during an electrocardiogram?
To record electrical signals of the heart
Which layer of the heart is continuous with the lining of the blood vessels?
Endocardium
Where does the Fossa ovalis exist?
In the interatrial septum
Which chamber of the heart has no pectinate muscles?
Left atrium
What ensures unidirectional blood flow in the heart?
Semilunar valves
What structure closes the tricuspid and mitral valves?
Papillary muscles
Which cells in the heart conduct impulses and contract to pump blood?
Myocardial conducting cells
What structure is known as the pacemaker of the heart?
SA node
Why do semilunar valves make an audible sound as they close?
Due to having no muscular attachments
What happens at +30mV in cardiac contractile cells?
Na+ channels close, Ca++ channels open, and few K+ channels open.
What is the function of desmosomes in cardiac muscle cells?
Stop the muscle cells from ripping apart.
What is the main function of myocardial contractile cells?
Conduct impulses and contract to pump blood.
Where do coronary arteries branch off from in the heart?
Aorta
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the heart as covered in Chapter 19.1. Questions may include details about the location of the heart, its structure, and its key functions within the Cardiovascular System.
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