Cardiovascular System: The Heart - Chapter 19.1 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What happens to the Ca++ channels at 0mV during repolarization?

  • They start a plateau phase
  • They become inactive
  • They open
  • They close (correct)

Which component of the ECG represents the depolarization of the ventricles?

  • U wave
  • P wave
  • T wave
  • QRS complex (correct)

What is the purpose of an artificial pacemaker in the heart?

  • To record electrical signals
  • To correct fibrillations
  • To induce a long refractory period
  • To deliver electrical impulses for effective contractions (correct)

What happens if the SA node were to fire 100 times per minute?

<p>It would lead to a higher heart rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do slow Ca++ channels contribute to cardiac function?

<p>By allowing for a plateau phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of AEDs (Automated External Defibrillators) in cardiac emergencies?

<p>To deliver corrective shocks for fibrillations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the atria in the heart?

<p>Collect blood and push it into lower chambers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is superior and medial to the apex of the heart?

<p>Base (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the myocardium?

<p>Contains muscle cells, nerve fibers, and blood vessels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessel is the only artery to carry deoxygenated blood?

<p>Pulmonary artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the great veins (superior and inferior vena cava) and arteries (aorta and pulmonary trunk) attached to the heart?

<p>At the base (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the heart produces lubricating fluid?

<p>Epicardium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of endothelins released by the endothelium?

<p>Regulate growth patterns of cardiac muscle cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the septum is correct?

<p>Physical extensions of the myocardium are present in it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures close the tricuspid valve to prevent backward flow into the right atrium?

<p>Papillary muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart has a thicker muscle and no moderator band?

<p>Left ventricle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of valves in the heart?

<p>To ensure unidirectional blood flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about semilunar valves is accurate?

<p>They separate ventricles from blood vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of anastomosis in coronary circulation?

<p>To provide collateral circulation in case of blockages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines myocardial conducting cells from myocardial contractile cells?

<p>% involved in initiating and conducting action potentials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are T-tubules predominantly located in cardiac muscle cells?

<p>At Z discs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of desmosomes in cardiac muscle cells?

<p>To prevent cardiac muscle cells from ripping apart during contractions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure functions as the normal pacemaker of the heart?

<p>Sinoatrial node (SA node) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of plateau phase in cardiac contractile cells?

<p>It maintains a sustained contraction to push blood effectively (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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