Lecture 8 TH 2 Effector Functions in Immune Response
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of IL-13 in promoting the expulsion of parasites?

  • Activate M2 Macrophages
  • Enhance mast cell activation
  • Activate eosinophils
  • Stimulate smooth muscle cells to contract (correct)

How do mast cells contribute to the immune response against parasitic helminths?

  • Releasing toxic mediators (correct)
  • Increasing mucus production
  • Forming granulomas
  • Activating eosinophils

What is the major basic protein (MBP) released by eosinophils responsible for?

  • Killing parasites (correct)
  • Enhancing worm expulsion
  • Promoting mucus production
  • Activating mast cells

What is the role of mast cell granules in the immune response?

<p>Release histamine and increase vascular permeability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells express receptors recognizing the Fc portion of IgE for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)?

<p>Mast cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of M1 macrophages in response to helminth infections?

<p>Activate granulocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effector function of TH1 cells?

<p>Activating macrophages to kill intracellular pathogens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokines can basophils secrete in the immune response?

<p>IL-4 and IL-13 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transcriptional regulator is associated with TH2 cells?

<p>GATA-3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of M2 macrophages in the immune response to parasites?

<p>Contribute to tissue repair (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In response to helminths and parasites, which cytokine plays a crucial role in activating eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils?

<p>IL-4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if there is dysregulation in TH2 responses?

<p>Development of autoimmune disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do parasitic helminths often cause when infecting animals and humans?

<p>Chronic infection that is not easy to treat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of macrophages aid tissue repair and participate in worm killing and expulsion?

<p>M2 Macrophages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokine is crucial for promoting smooth muscle contraction and increasing mucus production in response to parasitic infections?

<p>IL-13 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of granuloma formation, which process is associated with the activation of M2 macrophages?

<p>Tissue repair (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein released by eosinophils is responsible for causing damage to parasites in the immune response?

<p>Major Basic Protein (MBP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the immune response, which cell type is primarily responsible for the release of histamine?

<p>Mast cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of IL-13 in promoting the expulsion of parasites from the body?

<p>Increasing mucus production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During helminth infections, which cell type is most likely to release toxic mediators onto parasites?

<p>M2 macrophages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type contributes significantly to smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability during allergic responses?

<p>Mast cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of Eosinophils in response to parasitic infections, besides releasing Major Basic Protein?

<p>Promoting CTL activation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When mast cells are activated during an allergic response, what do they release to induce inflammation and attract other immune cells?

<p>Histamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of IL-13 in promoting the expulsion of parasites?

<p>Enhancing smooth muscle cell contraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of M2 macrophages in response to parasites?

<p>Forming granulomas to entrap worms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major basic protein (MBP) released by eosinophils primarily responsible for?

<p>Killing parasites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of eosinophils in response to parasitic helminths?

<p>Activating M2 macrophages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of smooth muscle contraction in the context of helminth infections?

<p>Stimulating worm expulsion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mast cells contribute to parasite expulsion?

<p>Releasing toxic mediators onto parasites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effector function of eosinophils in response to parasitic helminths?

<p>Killing parasites through MBP release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of IL-13 on eosinophil activation?

<p>Increasing histamine release (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of IL-13 in response to parasitic infections?

<p>Promotes smooth muscle contraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of M2 macrophages in the immune response?

<p>Promoting granuloma formation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main trigger for histamine release from mast cells?

<p>Cross-linking of IgE on mast cell surfaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when mast cells release histamine?

<p>Stimulation of vascular permeability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokine is primarily responsible for activating M2 macrophages?

<p>Interleukin-4 (IL-4) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Major Basic Protein (MBP) released by eosinophils?

<p>Causing damage to helminths (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of IL-13 in the immune response to parasites?

<p>Promotes smooth muscle contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of helminth infections, which statement about IL-13 is correct?

<p>Promotes goblet cell proliferation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule released by eosinophils is crucial for parasite damage?

<p>IL-5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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