Lecture 8 TH 2 Effector Functions in Immune Response
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of IL-13 in promoting the expulsion of parasites?

  • Activate M2 Macrophages
  • Enhance mast cell activation
  • Activate eosinophils
  • Stimulate smooth muscle cells to contract (correct)
  • How do mast cells contribute to the immune response against parasitic helminths?

  • Releasing toxic mediators (correct)
  • Increasing mucus production
  • Forming granulomas
  • Activating eosinophils
  • What is the major basic protein (MBP) released by eosinophils responsible for?

  • Killing parasites (correct)
  • Enhancing worm expulsion
  • Promoting mucus production
  • Activating mast cells
  • What is the role of mast cell granules in the immune response?

    <p>Release histamine and increase vascular permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells express receptors recognizing the Fc portion of IgE for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)?

    <p>Mast cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of M1 macrophages in response to helminth infections?

    <p>Activate granulocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effector function of TH1 cells?

    <p>Activating macrophages to kill intracellular pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cytokines can basophils secrete in the immune response?

    <p>IL-4 and IL-13</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transcriptional regulator is associated with TH2 cells?

    <p>GATA-3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of M2 macrophages in the immune response to parasites?

    <p>Contribute to tissue repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In response to helminths and parasites, which cytokine plays a crucial role in activating eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils?

    <p>IL-4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if there is dysregulation in TH2 responses?

    <p>Development of autoimmune disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do parasitic helminths often cause when infecting animals and humans?

    <p>Chronic infection that is not easy to treat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of macrophages aid tissue repair and participate in worm killing and expulsion?

    <p>M2 Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cytokine is crucial for promoting smooth muscle contraction and increasing mucus production in response to parasitic infections?

    <p>IL-13</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of granuloma formation, which process is associated with the activation of M2 macrophages?

    <p>Tissue repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein released by eosinophils is responsible for causing damage to parasites in the immune response?

    <p>Major Basic Protein (MBP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the immune response, which cell type is primarily responsible for the release of histamine?

    <p>Mast cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of IL-13 in promoting the expulsion of parasites from the body?

    <p>Increasing mucus production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During helminth infections, which cell type is most likely to release toxic mediators onto parasites?

    <p>M2 macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type contributes significantly to smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability during allergic responses?

    <p>Mast cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of Eosinophils in response to parasitic infections, besides releasing Major Basic Protein?

    <p>Promoting CTL activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When mast cells are activated during an allergic response, what do they release to induce inflammation and attract other immune cells?

    <p>Histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of IL-13 in promoting the expulsion of parasites?

    <p>Enhancing smooth muscle cell contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of M2 macrophages in response to parasites?

    <p>Forming granulomas to entrap worms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major basic protein (MBP) released by eosinophils primarily responsible for?

    <p>Killing parasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of eosinophils in response to parasitic helminths?

    <p>Activating M2 macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of smooth muscle contraction in the context of helminth infections?

    <p>Stimulating worm expulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mast cells contribute to parasite expulsion?

    <p>Releasing toxic mediators onto parasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effector function of eosinophils in response to parasitic helminths?

    <p>Killing parasites through MBP release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of IL-13 on eosinophil activation?

    <p>Increasing histamine release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of IL-13 in response to parasitic infections?

    <p>Promotes smooth muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of M2 macrophages in the immune response?

    <p>Promoting granuloma formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main trigger for histamine release from mast cells?

    <p>Cross-linking of IgE on mast cell surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when mast cells release histamine?

    <p>Stimulation of vascular permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cytokine is primarily responsible for activating M2 macrophages?

    <p>Interleukin-4 (IL-4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Major Basic Protein (MBP) released by eosinophils?

    <p>Causing damage to helminths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of IL-13 in the immune response to parasites?

    <p>Promotes smooth muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of helminth infections, which statement about IL-13 is correct?

    <p>Promotes goblet cell proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule released by eosinophils is crucial for parasite damage?

    <p>IL-5</p> Signup and view all the answers

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