🎧 New: AI-Generated Podcasts Turn your study notes into engaging audio conversations. Learn more

Immunology: Th1 and Th2 Mediated Immunity
59 Questions
0 Views

Immunology: Th1 and Th2 Mediated Immunity

Created by
@CongratulatoryIntelligence5915

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of Th1 mediated immunity?

  • Producing IgE
  • Maintaining epithelial barrier function
  • Eliminating helminthic parasites
  • Clearing intracellular microbes (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT an effector mechanism of Th2 cells?

  • Promoting abs to neutralize microbes and toxins
  • Activating neutrophils
  • Suppressing MΦ
  • Inducing chemokines to recruit neutrophils (correct)
  • What is the primary function of Th17 cells in terms of eliminating pathogens?

  • Eliminating extracellular bacteria and fungi (correct)
  • Eliminating helminthic parasites
  • Eliminating intracellular microbes
  • Producing IgG3 and IgG2a
  • What is the role of CD40L and CD40 in Tfh cells?

    <p>Promoting antibody production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which location do Th2 cells eliminate helminthic parasites?

    <p>Periphery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of Th17 cells maintaining epithelial barrier function?

    <p>Protection against mucosal infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of T cells in the immune response?

    <p>To recognize and respond to pathogens through direct contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subtype of Th cell produces cytokines such as IL-10 and TGFβ?

    <p>Treg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the migration of T cells to specific sites in the body?

    <p>The recognition of pathogen-derived antigen through direct contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of activation for T cells that regulate B cell function?

    <p>Lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio of the volume of a T cell to the volume of the human body?

    <p>1:10^13</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of T cell migration in the context of the immune response?

    <p>To allow T cells to recognize and respond to pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which T cells enter tissue?

    <p>Extravasation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which selectins are involved in the migration of T cells to inflamed tissue?

    <p>E- and P-selectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of apoptosis induction by granzyme/perforin granules?

    <p>Caspase activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cell is responsible for killing target cells that present the same Ag/MHCI on their surface?

    <p>CD8 T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the APC in T cell migration?

    <p>To direct the T cell to the right tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of CXCL10 in T cell migration?

    <p>To produce a chemokine gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What attracts effector cells to the site of infection?

    <p>Chemokines and adhesion molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference in adhesion molecule expression between naïve and effector T cells?

    <p>Naïve T cells express L-selectin, while effector T cells express E- and P-selectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of unconventional T cells such as γδ T cells and iNKT cells?

    <p>Cytotoxicity and cytokine production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the chemokine gradient in T cell migration?

    <p>To attract T cells into the infected tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main target of γδ T cells?

    <p>Bacterial infections, pathogenic toxins, and stress markers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of unconventional T cells such as γδ T cells and iNKT cells?

    <p>Recognition of non-peptide antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune response is thought to be somewhere between innate and adaptive immunity?

    <p>Unconventional T cells and ILC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cytokines such as IL-2 and TNFα in terms of cytotoxicity?

    <p>To induce apoptosis through Fas:FasL pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cytokines is NOT involved in cytotoxicity?

    <p>IL-17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of perforin and granzyme in terms of cytotoxicity?

    <p>To form pores in the target cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following immune cells is NOT involved in phagocytosis?

    <p>T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Fas:FasL pathway in terms of cytotoxicity?

    <p>To induce apoptosis in target cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cytokines are a type of chemokine that attract cells to particular sites.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Th cells carry out their function exclusively in the lymph node.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T cell migration is initiated by the interaction between molecules on T cells and on endothelial cells lining blood vessels.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chemokines are involved in the activation of B cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adhesion molecule expression on endothelium is downregulated by cytokines during the innate immune response.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IL-21 is involved in the activation of naive B cells to proliferate and differentiate into antibody-producing plasma cells.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tfh cells contribute to the eradication of only certain classes of pathogens.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tregs can inhibit effector responses by producing pro-inflammatory cytokines.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tregs can inhibit effector responses by blocking and endocytosing CD80 and CD86.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tregs can inhibit effector responses by providing CTLA-4, which engages CD80 and CD86.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CD4+ Tregs cells can rip-off and endocytose CD80/86 from CD4+ Th cells.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CD8 T cells require CD4 help for the production of IL-2 and increased CD80/86 expression on the surface of antigen-presenting cells.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cytokine IL-10 is produced by Th1 cells and promotes pro-inflammatory responses.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    TGFβ is involved in the elimination of helminthic parasites and promotes IgE production.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Th17 cells are involved in the elimination of intracellular pathogens and promote mucosal immunity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IL-12 is involved in the differentiation of Th2 cells and promotes the production of IL-4 and IL-5.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CD4 Th cell effector function is largely governed by the cytokines produced by CD8 T cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Granzyme and perforin mediated death is a type of uncontrolled cell death.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CD8 (Tc) cells kill target cells that present a different Ag/MHCI on their surface.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    γδ T cells recognize peptide antigens presented by MHC class I molecules.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    MAIT cells are primarily found in lymphoid tissue and blood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fas-FasL pathway is involved in granzyme/perforin mediated death.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Unconventional T cells are thought to be part of the adaptive immune response.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IL-17 is involved in cytotoxicity

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IL-12 is involved in cytokine activity

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fas:FasL pathway is involved in perforin/granzyme mediated cytotoxicity

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Unconventional T cells are thought to be exclusively part of the innate immune response

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cytokines are involved in the activation of B cells

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Th cells are exclusively involved in humoral immune response

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Phagocytosis, cytotoxicity, and cytokine production are key mechanisms of immune response.
    • Fas:FasL and perforin/granzyme pathways induce apoptosis, leading to programmed cell death.
    • IL-2, TNFα, IL-17, IL-18, IL-12, IFN-I, and IFN-γ are cytokines involved in immune response.
    • Unconventional T cells, including γδ T cells, iNKT cells, MAIT cells, and mucosal-associated T cells, are thought to be between innate and adaptive immunity.
    • These cells have distinct antigen recognition patterns, including non-peptide, lipids, microbial lipids/glycolipids, and microbial-derived vitamin B2 metabolites.
    • T cell effector functions occur in the lymph node and periphery, with different subtypes having distinct functions, such as Th1, Th2, Th17, Tfh, and Treg.
    • Th1 cells clear intracellular microbes, Th2 cells eliminate helminthic parasites, Th17 cells protect against bacteria, and Tfh cells activate B cells.
    • T cell migration is crucial for immune response, with T cells migrating to sites of infection in response to chemokine gradients.
    • Chemokines and adhesion molecules play a key role in T cell migration, with different molecules involved in naïve and effector T cell migration.
    • T cell function and migration are two sides of the same coin, with T cells responding to pathogens only through direct contact with antigen.
    • Granzyme/perforin granules and Fas–FasL pathways are involved in induced apoptosis, leading to programmed cell death.
    • T cell migration involves binding, rolling, and extravasation, with integrins and adhesion molecules playing a key role.
    • The adaptive immune response involves T cell effector functions, including cytotoxicity, cytokine production, and B cell activation.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Description

    Test your understanding of Th1 and Th2 mediated immunity, including the mechanisms of macrophage and neutrophil activation, antibody production, and parasite elimination. Learn about the roles of IgG and IgE in immune response and the suppression of macrophages.

    More Quizzes Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser