Textile Institute of Pakistan: Fabric Technology

Questions and Answers

What type of yarn is primarily used in knitting due to its flexibility?

Linen yarn

Cotton yarn

Hosiery yarn (correct)

Wool yarn

What is the twist multiplier (TM) range for yarn typically used in knitting?

2 to 6 (correct)

1 to 2

3 to 6

2 to 3

Which process is primarily responsible for the production of knitted fabric?

Felting

Weaving

Interlooping (correct)

Spinning

What characteristic allows knitted fabrics to be favored in applications requiring stretch?

Loop formation Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism is used to create knitted fabric at high speeds in commercial settings?

Commercial knitting machines Signup and view all the answers

In terms of production speed, how does knitting compare to weaving?

Less time-consuming than weaving Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic repeating unit of knitted fabric analogous to in woven fabric?

Point of interlacement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about knitted and woven fabrics is NOT true?

Woven fabrics have higher stretch capabilities. Signup and view all the answers

What forms when the tongue closes the hook in the knitting process?

Bridge formation Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'pitch' refer to in knitting machines?

The distance between consecutive needles Signup and view all the answers

How does machine gauge affect knitted fabric?

It affects the yarn choice and fabric properties Signup and view all the answers

What happens when using finer gauge machines?

A greater number of wales can be accommodated Signup and view all the answers

What aspect can only be influenced by a specific range of yarn counts?

Pitch of the machine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'interlooping' in knitting?

The completion of the knitting cycle by needle action Signup and view all the answers

What determines the number of knitting needles in a machine gauge?

The pitch between needles Signup and view all the answers

In knitted structures, what is primarily concerned with the main binding element?

The continuity of yarn loops Signup and view all the answers

What year were bearded needles invented?

1589 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in the knitting cycle of bearded needles?

Loop closure Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of bearded needles compared to latch needles?

Bearded needles are easier to manufacture Signup and view all the answers

In the knitting cycle of bearded needles, after yarn feeding, what is the next step?

Loop formation Signup and view all the answers

What part of the bearded needle’s operation involves the yarn being clamped?

Knock over Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes latch needles compared to bearded needles?

Latch needles require more complex machinery Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the linking-up stage of the knitting cycle?

Yarn intermeshing is completed Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about bearded needles is incorrect?

They have more complex operations compared to latch needles Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary advantage of circular weft knitting compared to flat weft knitting?

It minimizes time wasted in needle movement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical diameter range for tubular cloth produced by circular knitting?

8" to 20" Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect makes warp knitting machines occupy more space compared to weft knitting machines?

They produce fabric using multiple threads at once. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes circular knitting technology?

It allows for the production of a variety of designs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of warp knitting compared to circular and flat knitting?

Limited design variations can be produced. Signup and view all the answers

What process is involved in preparing fabric for warp knitting?

Collecting multiple threads on a beam. Signup and view all the answers

What speed characteristic of warp knitting distinguishes it from weft knitting?

Warp knitting is faster due to the threading technique. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the loop creation method in warp knitting?

Loops are made from each warp thread vertically. Signup and view all the answers

Which knitted structure is not typically associated with weft knitted fabrics?

Warp knitted structure Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of knitted fabrics?

Difficult handling and processing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a technique used for further designs in knitted fabrics?

Using tuck loops/stitches Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of knitted fabrics compared to woven fabrics?

Fewer design capabilities Signup and view all the answers

What stitches can be employed alongside the basic knitted structures to create designs?

Tuck and float loops/stitches Signup and view all the answers

Which knitted structure allows for a very stable and uniform fabric?

Interlock knitted structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the common method used to create further designs in knitted fabric?

Changing the stitch type Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following attributes does not describe knitted fabrics accurately?

Inflexible structures Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

What is Knitting?

Knitting transforms soft yarn into loops that intermesh, creating knitted fabric.
Knitting yarn, known as hosiery yarn, has a twist multiplier (TM) of around 2, while weaving yarn has a TM of 3 to 6.
The interlooping process forms loops linked to adjacent loops, done manually with needles or via high-speed commercial knitting machines.

Knitted Vs. Woven Fabrics

Knitting has a shorter fabric formation route and faster production rates compared to weaving.
Knitted fabrics are preferred where stretch is needed, making them versatile for various applications.

Knitted Structure – Needle Loop

One loop is the basic repeating unit in knitted fabric, analogous to the interlacement point in woven fabric.
Circular knitting produces tubular cloth, with diameters ranging from 8" to 60".
Circular weft knitting is faster than flat knitting due to continual needle movement and space efficiency.

Warp Knitting

In warp knitting, multiple threads are collected in a beam similar to weaving and then processed into knitted fabric.
Warp loops are made vertically from warp threads, allowing high-speed production, though design limitations exist.
Warp knitting machines occupy more space than weft knitting machines.

Bearded Needles

Invented by William Lee in 1589, bearded needles are simple, cheap, and easy to manufacture.
The knitting cycle involves yarn laying, loop formation, landing, bridge formation, and linking-up through intermeshing.

Latch Needles

More expensive to produce than bearded needles, latch needles utilize a tongue to catch yarn for bridge formation, completing interlooping.

Pitch & Machine Gauge

Pitch refers to the distance between consecutive needles, influencing the machine gauge (number of needles in a reference length).
A specific pitch accommodates particular yarn counts, impacting wales per unit length and knitted fabric properties such as appearance and weight.

Basic Knitted Structures

Four basic knitted structures can be formed using the stitch:
- Plain knitted structure
- Rib knitted structure
- Purl knitted structure
- Interlock knitted structure
These are primarily associated with weft knits but can also appear in warp knits.

Patterning Elements

Various techniques enhance knitted fabric designs beyond basic structures, including:
- Using different types of stitches
- Tuck loops/stitches
- Float loops/stitches
- Inlaid yarn

Characteristics of Knitted Fabrics

Knitted fabrics are elastic and stretchable in both directions but have limited design capabilities compared to woven fabrics.
They are produced faster than woven fabrics, though handling and processing can be challenging.
Dyeing is feasible, but printing techniques are limited with knitted fabrics.

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Description

Explore the world of knitting with this quiz focused on the fundamental principles of fabric technology. Learn about the knitting process, types of yarn, and the characteristics that define knitted fabric. Perfect for students and enthusiasts of textile technology.