3 Questions
What is the most common congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal tract?
Meckel diverticulum
What is the classical location of Meckel diverticulum?
Mesenteric border of the bowel
What is the diagnostic criteria for Meckel diverticulum?
Contains all five layers of the small intestine and is located ~40 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve
Study Notes
- The yolk sac provides feeds to the developing gut through the omphalomesenteric duct.
- In 2% of humans, the omphalomesenteric duct persists forming Meckel diverticulum (MD).
- MD is the most common congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Classic diagnostic criteria for MD include containing all five layers of the small intestine and being located ~40 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve.
- A distinct blood supply is found only in 10% of all cases, so it is not considered in the diagnostic criteria for MD.
- The position of the diverticulum from the ileocecal valve can vary between 7 and 200 cm.
- The classical location of MD is at the antimesenteric border of the bowel.
- Mesenteric Meckel diverticulum (MMD) is extremely rare.
- Only 32 cases of MMD have been reported in the literature, distributed between 14 cases in the pediatric population and 18 cases in adults.
- A case of unexpected MMD in a 2-year 7-month-old boy who presented with recurrent lower gastrointestinal bleeding was managed with segmental intestinal resection and primary anastomosis through a Trans-umbilical laparoscopic-assisted (TULA) approach.
Think you know about Meckel diverticulum? Test your knowledge with this quiz! Learn about the yolk sac, classic diagnostic criteria, and the different types of Meckel diverticulum, including the extremely rare mesenteric Meckel diverticulum. Challenge yourself and see if you know enough to answer questions about a case of unexpected MMD in a 2-year 7-month-old boy. Keywords: Meckel diverticulum, congenital malformation, gastrointestinal tract
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