Test Your Knowledge on DNA Techniques and CRISPR

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of multiplex PCR?

  • To target a single region with multiple pairs of primers
  • To target multiple regions with multiple pairs of primers (correct)
  • To determine mRNA levels
  • To amplify only exonic sequences

Which of the following is true about the majority of diseases?

  • They are not affected by CRISPR-Cas9.
  • They are caused by point mutations in less than 25% of cases. (correct)
  • They are caused by point mutations in less than 50% of cases.
  • They are caused by more than 25 base pair mutations.

What are short tandem repeats (STRs)?

  • Highly selective and polymorphic sequences of DNA between genes (correct)
  • Sequences of DNA that are found in the y chromosome
  • Sequences of DNA that are only found in bacteria
  • Sequences of RNA that are transcribed from exonic regions

What is the function of CRISPR-Cas9?

<p>It is an adaptive immune system of Streptococcus pyogenes against bacteriophages. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the AMEL gene in the y chromosome?

<p>To be shorter due to deletion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which repair mechanism is more accurate?

<p>Homology-directed repair (HDR (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an electropherogram used for in DNA profiling?

<p>To match peaks in DNA profiling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is PAM in CRISPR-Cas9?

<p>A target where CRISPR-Cas9 cuts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cDNA?

<p>Sequences of DNA that are transcribed from exonic regions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can double-strand breaks lead to?

<p>Both NHEJ and HDR. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of plasmids in bacteria?

<p>To grow in bacteria autonomously (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the accuracy of base editors for single point mutations?

<p>Not accurate at all. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is involved in the process of CRISPR-Cas9?

<p>Guide RNA, Cas, nuclease, and double-stranded DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of producing human insulin in bacteria?

<p>Bacteria produce insulin in a fermentation tank, followed by extraction and purification of human insulin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Cycle 10-1:

  1. PCR is used to make new DNA strands.
  2. Multiplex PCR targets multiple regions with multiple pairs of primers.
  3. Short tandem repeats (STRs) are sequences of DNA between genes that are highly selective and polymorphic.
  4. The AMEL gene in the y chromosome is shorter due to deletion.
  5. Electropherogram is used to match peaks in DNA profiling.
  6. cDNA only represents exonic sequences and is derived from mRNA.
  7. RT-PCR is used to determine mRNA levels or transcription levels.
  8. Plasmids are circular DNA that grow in bacteria autonomously.
  9. CDNA of human insulin is transcribed into mRNA protein and used to produce insulin in bacteria.
  10. Bacteria multiply and produce insulin in a fermentation tank, followed by extraction and purification of human insulin.

Cycle 10-2:

  1. CRISPR is the immune system of bacteria.
  2. CRISPR keeps memorized immune sequences in CRISPR locus.

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