Test Your Knowledge on DNA Mismatch Repair and Replication Mechanisms

Which type of mutation results in a loss of function in a protein?

What is a characteristic of a neutral mutation?

Which type of mutation can block or activate transcription?

Which of the following is a consequence of depurination?

What is the term for a variation in the number of chromosomes?

Which type of mutation occurs when cytosine is changed into uracil?

What happens in a tandem duplication?

Which type of information can be used to make phylogenetic trees?

What is the purpose of aligning DNA sequences in phylogenetic analysis?

What is the term used to describe the alignment of DNA or amino acid sequences that code for the same type of protein?

What is the purpose of a scoring system in sequence alignment?

Which type of mutation occurs when a piece of DNA is picked out, turned around, and put back in?

Which type of mutation occurs when a piece of one chromosome is moved to another chromosome?

Which type of mutation occurs when a part of chromosome one goes to chromosome two, and a part of chromosome two goes back to chromosome one?

What is the term for having a different number of chromosomes than what is needed?

Which type of mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide pairs are added to the DNA sequence?

What is the term used to describe mutations that occur in absence of compounds or physical radiation?

What is the consequence of a frame shift mutation?

What is the term used to describe mutations that add or delete nucleotides in multiples of three, resulting in the addition or deletion of one codon?

Which of the following is NOT true about word size in DNA sequence analysis?

What is the purpose of aligning DNA sequences in genome comparison?

What happens when the score in a sequence alignment is above a certain cutoff value?

Which scoring system is used for global alignment of very similar proteins?

Which amino acid is particularly important for the shape and function of a protein?

Which scoring system is used for local alignments of more distantly related proteins?

Which scoring system should be used for comparing less divergent species?

Which of the following is NOT a component of the scoring system used in sequence alignment?

Why are mismatches and gaps penalized in sequence alignment?

What is the purpose of gap penalties in sequence alignment?

What is the Niedelman-Wunsch algorithm used for?

Which term is used to describe genes that look very much alike, but may not have the same function and probably come from the same ancestor?

What term is used to describe genes that are the same between species?

What term is used to describe genes that are very similar within one species?

What term is used to describe genes that have the same function but may have some differences at the sequence or amino acid level?

Which term is used to describe the process of cutting a DNA sequence into smaller words?

What is the purpose of increasing the word size in DNA sequence analysis?

What is the purpose of scoring in sequence alignment?

Which scoring system is used for global alignment of very similar proteins?

Which scoring system is used for local alignments of more distantly related proteins?

Which scoring system should be used for comparing less divergent species?

What is the purpose of a scoring system in sequence alignment?

Which scoring system is used for global alignment of very similar proteins?

What is the purpose of gap penalties in sequence alignment?

What is the consequence of a frame shift mutation?

What is the purpose of aligning DNA sequences in phylogenetic analysis?

Which term is used to describe genes that have the same function but may have some differences at the sequence or amino acid level?

What is the term used to describe the alignment of DNA or amino acid sequences that code for the same type of protein?

What is the purpose of aligning DNA sequences in genome comparison?

Which scoring system is used for global alignment of very similar proteins?

Which method is used to determine the closest relationship between two species based on the number of mutations?

What is the average value obtained by comparing species 1 and 2 to the combination of species 3 and 4?

Which two species are closely related according to the UPGMA method?

Which method is recommended for constructing phylogenetic trees with larger numbers of species?

What is the consequence of a frame shift mutation?

What is the purpose of bootstrapping in constructing phylogenetic trees?

How many mutations are required for the correct model in the given example?

How many possible trees can be made when comparing four species?

What is the correct method to determine the correct model from the possible trees?

What is the purpose of bootstrapping in constructing phylogenetic trees?

Which method is recommended for constructing phylogenetic trees with larger numbers of species?

According to the UPGMA method, which two species are considered to be closely related?

What is the average difference between species one and the combination of species three and four?

Which method uses all possible trees to construct phylogenetic trees?