Module 1 (Topic 1) Part i

A system of government in ancient Athens where citizens directly participated in decision-making, although it had limitations compared to modern democracies.

In ancient Athens, only specific individuals - male citizens over 18 with both parents being Athenian citizens, who completed military training — were considered citizens, granting them political rights.

Regular meetings in ancient Athens where citizens participated in proposing and passing laws. Frequent meetings emphasized active citizen participation.

While there were elections in ancient Athens, the rich and powerful had a greater influence compared to ordinary citizens. However, selection procedures like the use of lotteries addressed fairness and corruption risks.

Plato argued that democracy was flawed because the majority of people were ignorant and unsuited to govern, making them susceptible to manipulation.

Dictatorships often arise during times of emergency or crisis, leveraging instability to seize and maintain power.

A fundamental principle of democracy where governmental power is divided among different branches (legislative, executive, and judicial) to prevent abuse.

A core principle of democracy where everyone, including the government, is subject to and accountable under the law.

In a democracy, elected officials and public servants are accountable for their actions, promoting transparency and trust.

Fundamental for a healthy democracy, enabling citizens to make their own financial decisions and support themselves.

In a democracy, openness and clarity about government activities are essential for maintaining trust between the government and its citizens.

Regular, transparent, and unbiased elections are vital in a democracy to ensure that citizens have a voice in selecting their leaders.