Test 2

A patient was prescribed ketorolac for postoperative pain. How long can this medicine be taken?

A 23-year-old woman is admitted to the Emergency Department with difficult breathing. Examination shows significant laryngeal edema. Past history indicated that she had recurrent episodes of angioedema. Which of the following is the most effective physiologic histamine antagonist in episodes of angioedema?

Jane is a 67 year-old woman with a history of mild hypertension and classic angina pectoris. She is seeking treatment for migraine headaches of moderate intensity. Her headaches are preceeded by bilateral light flashes and dizziness that last about 10 minutes prior to the onset of pain. Her headaches are also frequently accompanied by photophobia, severe nausea and occasional vomiting. What medication would be contraindicated for acute treatment of Jane's headaches?

What is the most appropriate initial pharmacotherapy for this patient?

A 17-year-old White male patient presents to the office with pain in the lower back, left heel, and both knees for the last two weeks. It is not associated with fever, chills, or diarrhea. He reports recent treatment for urethral discharge and dysuria. He has not recently traveled or suffered trauma or used illicit drugs. His past medical history is insignificant, and he does not smoke or drink. His vitals are normal. Physical examination reveals pink eyes and mouth ulcers. His knees are warm, swollen, and tender, and he complains of tenderness on his left Achilles tendon as well. Synovial fluid analysis from the right knee shows a white blood cell count of 30,000/mm^3 with neutrophilic predominance. Gram stain is negative.

Which of the following is one of the fetal malformations associated with mycophenolate exposure during pregnancy?

A 54-year-old woman presents with symptoms typical of rheumatoid arthritis. A decision was made to start NSAID therapy. Which of the following is a contraindication to initiation of celecoxib treatment?

A 16-year-old girl with a history of epilepsy presents with trouble walking and slurred speech. Her father reports that she doubled her dose of antiepileptic medication recently. She says she restarted at a higher dose after running out of medication earlier in the week. Physical exam shows horizontal spontaneous nystagmus, gingival hyperplasia, and an abnormal finger-to-nose test. Her strength is equal in all 4 extremities. What is the mechanism of action of the antiepileptic drug this patient is most likely taking?

A 43-year-old man presents with elevated blood pressure. His average blood pressure is 134/88 mmHg after several measurements. He has no significant history and does not take any medications. He reports a mostly sedentary lifestyle. He does not smoke or drink any alcohol. He was asked to follow a low-salt diet and increase his physical activity but has struggled. Pharmacologic therapy with a calcium channel blocker is initiated. Which of the following tests is indicated?

It is prescribed oxacillin sodium 300 mg intramuscularly for 6 hours. Dispense with vials containing oxacillin sodium monohydrate, equivalent to 1 g oxacillin and 19 mg dibasic sodium phosphate. After adding 5.4 ml of sterile water for injection each 1.5 ml of solution contains 250 mg oxacillin. How many milliliters should be injected every 6 hours?

Which is a surrogate endpoint used in pediatric drug trials only?

A pharmaceutical company is investigating the efficacy of its vaccine on a small population. The results reveal a p-value of 0.03 with an alpha of 0.1. Which of the following is the most accurate interpretation of these results?

A patient presents for a follow-up visit. A history of present illness reveals that his Parkinson disease symptoms are getting worse. His medical history includes peptic ulcer disease, chronic diarrhea, narrow-angle glaucoma, and asthma. The provider plans to prescribe benztropine to help alleviate his symptoms. Which of the following conditions will be aggravated by the prescribed drug?

A 34-year-old man presents with altered mental status. He is accompanied by his friend, who said he consumed something to relax. His history is significant for occasional cannabis use. Family history is noncontributory. Vital signs are blood pressure 120/90 mm Hg, heart rate 65 bpm, respirations 8 breaths/min, and temperature 37.2° C (99° F). Physical examination reveals an altered sensorium with decreased pupil size. Which of the following is the best treatment option?

St. John's wort (a popular herb used medicinally) is a potent inducer of phase I hepatic CYP3A4 enzymes. Verapamil and phenytoin are eliminated from the body by metabolism in the liver. The clearance of verapamil is 1.5 l/min, approximately equal to hepatic blood flow. The clearance of phenytoin is 0.1 l/min. Based on these data, which of the following statements is true?

Your 45-year-old patient requires treatment with atorvastatin. The patient lifts weights and is concerned about muscle pain caused by statins. He asks you if he can take something else to prevent the pain. You tell him that there is an endogenous antioxidant available as a dietary supplement that may help. Some clinical studies have shown that patients with statin-induced myopathy experienced a reduction in muscle pain after starting to take this dietary supplement. Which of the following is this supplement?

A 57-year-old man with metastatic lung cancer presents to the clinic for pain management. He is prescribed a cannabinoid extract that has a low affinity for cannabinoid receptors and may act as an antagonist to modulate the effectiveness of the psychoactive cannabinoid extracts. Which of the following best identifies the agent prescribed to the patient?

A new drug is being investigated for its cardiovascular effects. It is applied to 4 anesthetized animals and the heart rate is measured. The first animal served as a control. The second received an effective dose of hexamethonium. The third received an effective dose of atropine. The fourth received an effective dose of phenoxybenzamine. When administered to the control animal, the atropine-pretreated animal, and the phenoxybenzamine-pretreated animal, the test drug increased the heart rate. The new drug did not affect the heart rate of the animal pretreated with hexamethonium. The tested drug is similar to

Zilucoplan is advantageous to the two other complement inhibitors previously approved for myasthenia gravis because it is:

A 40-year-old man presents with restlessness and irritability. The patient stopped smoking 3 days ago following his wife's request. He has no significant history. He has a 20-pack-year smoking history; he does not drink alcohol or take recreational drugs. What is the mechanism of action of the recommended replacement therapy?

Postoperative vomiting is rare if used