Temperature Ranges for Medical Applications
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Questions and Answers

What is the process of heat transfer through direct contact between molecules?

  • Convection
  • Evaporation
  • Conduction (correct)
  • Radiation

    • What is the term for redness of the skin associated with various skin rashes?

  • Mottling
  • Erythema (correct)
  • Cyanosis
  • Hyperemia

    • What is the term for a body temperature above the usual range?

  • Hypothermia
  • Fever
  • Hyperthermia (correct)
  • Cryotherapy

    • What is the term for the use of extreme cold to freeze and remove abnormal tissue?

    <p>Cryotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for heat therapy?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of heat therapy?

    <p>Compress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for cold therapy?

    <p>Raynaud's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a core body temperature below the lower limit of normal?

    <p>Hypothermia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication to the use of heat?

    <p>Skin disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication to the use of cold?

    <p>Impaired circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of heat on inflammation?

    <p>Increases capillary permeability and edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of cold on pain?

    <p>Decreases pain by slowing nerve conduction rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of tepid sponging?

    <p>To assess body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a guideline for the application of heat and cold?

    <p>Assess body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication to the use of heat in the first 24 hours after traumatic injury?

    <p>Increases bleeding and swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of heat on muscle spasm?

    <p>Relaxes muscles and increases their contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of heat therapy is provided by a compress, hot pack, soak, or sitz bath?

    <p>Moist heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before applying heat or cold therapy, what should be done?

    <p>Determine the patient's ability to tolerate the therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for cold therapy?

    <p>Circulatory impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cold therapy is applied locally by means of a cold pack, ice bag, ice glove, or ice collar?

    <p>Dry cold therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done 15 minutes after starting the heat or cold therapy?

    <p>Return to the patient and observe the local skin area for any untoward signs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for heat therapy?

    <p>Bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of heat therapy is provided by a hot water bottle, aquathermia pad, disposable heat pack, or electric pad?

    <p>Dry heat therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After applying heat or cold therapy, what should be done?

    <p>Examine the area to which the heat or cold was applied and record the patient's response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is vasoconstriction?

    <p>Constricted blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal body temperature?

    <p>36°C - 37.5°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of transferring heat through air or liquid currents?

    <p>Convection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of heat to the body for local and systemic effects called?

    <p>Thermotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of cold to the body for local and systemic effects called?

    <p>Cryotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of heat application on blood vessels?

    <p>Vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of heat application on pain?

    <p>Decreased pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is heat application contraindicated?

    <p>During the acute inflammatory phase of musculoskeletal injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of extensive cold applications on a patient's blood pressure?

    <p>It increases due to vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a normal response to prolonged cold exposure?

    <p>Shivering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions necessitates precautions in the use of cold applications?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of heat on bleeding and swelling after injury or surgery?

    <p>It increases bleeding and swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following body parts is highly temperature sensitive?

    <p>The inner aspect of the wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of size of the exposed body part on physiological tolerance to heat and cold?

    <p>The larger the area exposed, the lower the tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of individual tolerance on physiological tolerance to heat and cold?

    <p>The very young and old have the lowest tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of injured skin areas on physiological tolerance to heat and cold?

    <p>Injured skin areas are more sensitive to temperature variations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Temperature Ranges for Hot and Cold Applications

    • Very Cold: Below 15°C (59°F) - Ice bags
    • Cold: 15°C - 18°C (59°F - 65°F) - Cold Packs
    • Cool: 18°C - 27°C (65°F - 80°F) - Cold Compression
    • Tepid: 27°C - 37°C (80°F - 98°F) - Alcohol sponge bath
    • Warm: 37°C - 40°C (98°F - 104°F) - Warm bath, aquathermia pads
    • Hot: 40°C - 46°C (104°F - 115°F) - Hot soak, irrigations, hot compress
    • Very Hot: Above 46°C (above 115°F) - Hot water bags for adults

    Applying Heat and Cold

    • Heat can be applied in both dry and moist forms
    • Dry heat: hot water bottle, aquanthermia pad, disposable heat pack, or electric pad
    • Moist heat: compress, hot pack, soak, or sitz bath
    • Dry cold: cold pack, ice bag, ice glove, or ice collar
    • Continuous cold therapy (cryotherapy): following joint surgery or injury

    Guidelines for Local Applications of Heat or Cold

    • Determine the patient's ability to tolerate the therapy
    • Identify conditions that might contraindicate treatment (e.g., bleeding, circulatory impairment)
    • Explain the application to the patient
    • Assess the skin area to which the heat/cold will be applied
    • Ask the patient to report any discomfort
    • Return to the patient 15 minutes after starting the heat/cold therapy and observe the local skin area for any untoward signs (e.g., redness)
    • Stop the application if any problems occur
    • Remove the equipment at the designated time and dispose of it appropriately
    • Examine the area to which the heat or cold was applied and record the patient's response

    Contraindications to the Use of Heat and Cold

    • Neurosensory impairment
    • Impaired mental status
    • Impaired circulation
    • Open wounds

    Contraindications to the Use of Heat

    • The first 24 hours after traumatic injury
    • Active hemorrhage
    • Noninflammatory edema
    • Skin disorder

    Contraindications to the Use of Cold

    • Open wounds
    • Impaired circulation
    • Allergy/hypersensitivity to cold

    Selected Indications of Heat and Cold

    • Muscle spasm: heat relaxes muscles and increases their contractility; cold relaxes muscles and decreases muscle contractility
    • Inflammation: heat increases blood flow, softens exudates; cold vasoconstriction decreases capillary permeability, decreases blood flow, slows cellular metabolism
    • Pain: heat relieves pain by promoting muscle relaxation, increasing circulation, and promoting psychological relaxation and a feeling of comfort; cold decreases pain by slowing nerve conduction rate and blocking nerve impulses
    • Contracture: heat reduces contracture and increases joint range of motion
    • Joint stiffness: heat reduces joint stiffness by decreasing viscosity of synovial fluid and increasing tissue distensibility

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    Related Documents

    Unit 12 - Heat and Cold Therapies.docx

    Description

    Learn about the different temperature ranges and their corresponding medical applications, from ice bags to warm baths.

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