Tema 1 y 2: Administración y Derecho Administrativo

Supreme body in the constitution, independent from other constitutional bodies, subject only to the constitution and its regulations.

12 members appointed by the King, proposed by Congress; 4 from Congress, 4 from Senate, 2 from Government, 2 from Judiciary

Reviewing laws for constitutionality, protecting fundamental rights, resolving conflicts between State and Autonomies.

High commissioner of the Cortes Generales, monitors administrative activity and reports to Cortes to protect citizens' rights

Decentralized structure with municipalities, provinces, and autonomous communities, recognizing self-governance.

4 members of the Constitutional Court are chosen by a majority vote (3/5ths) of Congress.

4 members of the Constitutional Court are chosen by a majority vote (3/5ths) of Senate.

2 members each, from Government and Judiciary to the Constitutional Court.

The law governing public administrations, encompassing their organization, actions towards other public entities and citizens, and upholding specific privileges.

Rules governing the state and public entities, encompassing administrative law, constitutional law, criminal law, and more.

Rules governing relationships between individuals, including civil, commercial, and international private law.

Public law focusing on public administrations, with specific privileges and a distinct regulatory source (regulations).

Norms created by administrations through designated bodies authorized by the constitution and laws.

Supreme authority of the state, governing power exercised by the government in certain relationships with individuals or other public entities.

Governmental organizations responsible for implementing public policies and managing public resources.

Public Law concerns the state and its bodies, Private Law deals with individual citizen-citizen relationships, in private law the administration has no prerogative.

Made up of 300-400 deputies, chosen by universal, free, equal, direct, and secret suffrage for 4 years; determined by provincial constituencies, and proportional representation.

Moderates actions of parliamentarians; a representation of territories with senators from each province, autonomous community, and one for each million inhabitants in the community.

Courts/Tribunals, only they can exert jurisdiction; laws define their powers and procedures; prioritizes the protection of fundamental rights.

Directs domestic & foreign policies; administrates civil & military affairs, and national defense.

Proposed by the King after consultation with political party representatives.

King appoints and removes ministers based on the President's proposal.

Independent constitutional body that interprets the Constitution; protects fundamental rights and reviews laws.

Citizens directly elect representatives.

Individuals or groups legally representing and expressing a juridical entity's will.

External constraints (legal principles & competences) and internal structure (creation, modification, and removal of organs) based on law.

Central (e.g., Government), Peripheral (e.g., Delegations), Complex, Simple, Active(management), Deliberative(decision-making), Consultative(advice), Control(monitoring).

Administrative organs divided between central and peripheral locations

Active organs manage; Deliberative organs decide but don't manage; consultative organs advise; and control organs monitor

Unipersonal or composed of multiple individuals (collegial) based on their function.

President represents, calls meetings, presides, enforces laws, and certifies agreements.

In absence of president, vice-president or most senior member takes over.

Administrative actions aren't automatically invalidated by abstention. The impact on the final decision is assessed.

Administrative bodies are created according to specific requirements within a government structure.

Each administrative body has assigned powers by law. Those powers can't be given up, except in delegation or specific cases.

At least two organizations exist with shared material competencies.

Hierarchical structures allow higher levels to manage certain tasks, while lower levels handle others.

Organizational structures have to define how organs are integrated and dependent.

Higher bodies can issue instructions and orders to lower bodies.

Each administration defines the administrative units that make up its specialized bodies. This requires specific requirements.

Different levels of government: central (national), regional (autonomous communities), and local (municipalities).

The national level of government in a country.

Important bodies like the President, Vice Presidents, and Ministers that run the central government.

Main leader of the government, responsible for overall policies and leading government officials.

A meeting of important ministers to make group decisions for the nation.

Specific areas of government like Education, Foreign Affairs, etc..

The Vice Presidents assist the President and have specific tasks.

High-ranking government officials responsible for a specific area.