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Questions and Answers
What does the post method era emphasize in language education?
What does the post method era emphasize in language education?
The post method era advocates that there is a perfect method for teaching languages.
The post method era advocates that there is a perfect method for teaching languages.
False
Who developed the concept of the post method era?
Who developed the concept of the post method era?
Kumaravadivelu
Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences suggests presenting learning materials in _____ ways.
Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences suggests presenting learning materials in _____ ways.
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Match the following definitions of intelligence:
Match the following definitions of intelligence:
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According to the post method era, what should teachers focus on instead of specific teaching methods?
According to the post method era, what should teachers focus on instead of specific teaching methods?
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Howard Gardner's theory suggests that intelligence can be measured by standardized testing.
Howard Gardner's theory suggests that intelligence can be measured by standardized testing.
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What year was Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences introduced?
What year was Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences introduced?
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The shift from knowledge-oriented theories to _____ -oriented theories marks the post method era.
The shift from knowledge-oriented theories to _____ -oriented theories marks the post method era.
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What aspect does Gardner believe should guide teachers regardless of the subject taught?
What aspect does Gardner believe should guide teachers regardless of the subject taught?
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Which intelligence is characterized by the ability to think conceptually and abstractly as well as discern logical and numerical patterns?
Which intelligence is characterized by the ability to think conceptually and abstractly as well as discern logical and numerical patterns?
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All individuals possess the same level of each of the nine intelligences.
All individuals possess the same level of each of the nine intelligences.
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Name one use of Gardner's multiple intelligences theory.
Name one use of Gardner's multiple intelligences theory.
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The capacity to detect and respond appropriately to the moods and motivations of others is known as __________ intelligence.
The capacity to detect and respond appropriately to the moods and motivations of others is known as __________ intelligence.
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Match the following types of intelligences with their definitions:
Match the following types of intelligences with their definitions:
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What learning approach emerged in the 1970s and 1980s in response to the variety of teaching methods?
What learning approach emerged in the 1970s and 1980s in response to the variety of teaching methods?
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Existential intelligence is related to understanding and categorizing objects in nature.
Existential intelligence is related to understanding and categorizing objects in nature.
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What is the main aim of 'pluralizing your teaching'?
What is the main aim of 'pluralizing your teaching'?
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The ability to visualize accurately and abstractly is referred to as __________ intelligence.
The ability to visualize accurately and abstractly is referred to as __________ intelligence.
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Which intelligence focuses on self-awareness and understanding one’s own values and beliefs?
Which intelligence focuses on self-awareness and understanding one’s own values and beliefs?
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Which of the following is NOT a principle of task-based teaching?
Which of the following is NOT a principle of task-based teaching?
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Eclecticism in teaching is generally accepted for promoting varied approaches without any guidelines.
Eclecticism in teaching is generally accepted for promoting varied approaches without any guidelines.
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What does the theory of language emphasize?
What does the theory of language emphasize?
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Language learning combines structural and __________ activities.
Language learning combines structural and __________ activities.
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Match the advantages and disadvantages of eclecticism:
Match the advantages and disadvantages of eclecticism:
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Which of the following is an advantage of using eclecticism in teaching?
Which of the following is an advantage of using eclecticism in teaching?
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Flexibility in teaching allows for better material exploitation and management of unexpected situations.
Flexibility in teaching allows for better material exploitation and management of unexpected situations.
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What is the main criticism of an eclectic teaching method?
What is the main criticism of an eclectic teaching method?
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Eclecticism aims to enhance __________ in language learning by using a variety of methods.
Eclecticism aims to enhance __________ in language learning by using a variety of methods.
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Which aspect is emphasized in modern trends in language teaching?
Which aspect is emphasized in modern trends in language teaching?
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Study Notes
Trending Approaches in TEFL: CLIL and PBL (2)
- Post-Method Era: A concept developed by Kumaravadivelu (1994).
- This era is characterized by efforts to redefine the relationship between language education theories and their practical application.
- It shifts from knowledge-oriented pedagogical theories to classroom-oriented pedagogical theories.
- The Post-Method Era signifies a rejection of the idea that one specific teaching method is universally superior to others.
- It recognizes that successful language education isn't solely dependent on a fixed method, but rather on the teacher's ability to adapt teaching to the student's needs.
What is Intelligence?
- Intelligence includes the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.
- It also involves the capacity for understanding, learning, and forming judgments and opinions based on reason.
- It signifies the capacity to think, reason, and understand, rather than relying on instinct or automatic responses.
Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences (1983)
- Gardner defines intelligence as the capacity to create solutions to life's problems, acquire knowledge linked to a topic, and develop skills useful to the community.
- This approach emphasizes the need to present learning materials in multiple ways.
- Teachers should "pluralize their teaching," varying their methods to enhance student understanding and demonstrate their own comprehension.
Types of Intelligences
- Verbal-linguistic: Well-developed verbal skills, sensitivity to the sounds, meanings, and rhythms of words.
- Logical-mathematical: Conceptual and abstract thinking, ability to discern logical and numerical patterns.
- Spatial-visual: Capacity to think in images and pictures, accurate visualization and abstract thinking.
- Bodily-kinesthetic: Control over body movements, skill in handling objects.
- Musical: Ability to produce and appreciate rhythm, pitch, and timbre.
- Interpersonal: Ability to detect and respond appropriately to the moods, motivations, and desires of others.
- Intrapersonal: Self-awareness, understanding of inner feelings, beliefs, and thought processes.
- Naturalist: Ability to recognize and categorize plants, animals, and other natural objects.
- Existential: Sensitivity and capacity to tackle deep questions concerning human existence.
Characteristics of Multiple Intelligences
- All humans possess all nine intelligences in varying degrees.
- Individual intelligences are arranged uniquely in each person's brain.
- These intelligences may or may not work together collaboratively.
- Students often learn more effectively when learning tasks directly relate to their dominant intelligences.
- Intelligences can be developed, weakened, ignored, or strengthened with dedicated practice.
Application of Multiple Intelligences Theory in Education
- The theory informs curriculum development, instructional planning, course activity selection, and assessment strategies.
Principled-Eclectic Approach
- The eclectic approach is a problem-solving based approach to teaching that rejects rigid method adherence.
- It considers multiple principles to cater to student needs and language use problems.
- Selecting principles should integrate various methods strategically, not randomly, to efficiently address the identified problem.
- There needs to be a philosophical background and systematic relation between the selected concepts.
Theory of Language and Language Learning
- Language: Language is built on structures used to convey meaning. Functions are intrinsic to the process.
- Language Learning: Learning involves a combined structural and communicative experience. Effective learning stems from the consistent application of structure via communicative practice.
Advantages of the Eclectic Approach
- Safety: Incorporating different approaches increases the likelihood of successful learning.
- Interest: Engaging various teaching techniques can maintain learner attention.
- Diversity: Different learning contexts necessitate diverse methodologies.
- Flexibility: Adapting to various techniques allows addressing unexpected situations.
Disadvantages of the Eclectic Approach
- Lack of Guidance: The method doesn't specifically outline how or why different aspects of multiple methods are combined.
- Conflicting Elements: Frequently, teachers are combining differing method elements without a coherent approach, potentially leading to contradictions.
Modern Trends in Language Teaching
- Cognitive-Constructivist Approaches in Education
- Student-centered Approaches in Education
- Cooperative Learning
- Authenticity in Language Learning
- Participatory Approaches
- Competence-based Language Teaching
- Reflective Teaching
- Global Citizenship Training
- Teaching 21st Century Skills
- ICT in Language Learning
- Internet-based & Mobile Learning
- English as a Global Language (vs EFL)
- Intercultural Communication Competence
- Content-based Instruction
- Content and Language Integrated Learning
- Task-based Instruction
- Project-based (Language) Learning
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Description
This quiz explores trending approaches in Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL), specifically focusing on Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and Project-Based Learning (PBL). It delves into the Post-Method Era and its implications for language education. Participants will assess their understanding of these modern pedagogical theories and their application in the classroom.
