REST vs WebSocket Quiz: Understanding TCP Connections

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Questions and Answers

What is a key difference in terms of TCP connections between WebSocket and REST services?

WebSocket involves a single TCP connection for full-duplex communication, while REST services require setting up a new TCP connection for each HTTP request (correct)

WebSocket does not use TCP connections, while REST services rely on multiple TCP connections

WebSocket involves setting up a new TCP connection for each request, while REST services use a single TCP connection for full-duplex communication

Both WebSocket and REST services require setting up a new TCP connection for each request

How do WebSocket and REST services differ in terms of header overhead?

WebSocket has no header overhead, while REST services impose overhead after the initial handshake

Both WebSocket and REST services have no header overhead

WebSocket involves minimal header overhead after the initial handshake, while REST services carry HTTP headers with each request (correct)

REST services have minimal header overhead, while WebSocket carries extensive headers with every message

Which factor makes scalability easier in REST services compared to WebSocket?

WebSocket is stateless and easily scalable due to its nature

REST services are inherently stateful, making horizontal scaling simpler

REST services manage requests independently without storing state information on the server (correct)

WebSocket allows for independent handling of requests without server-side state storage

What type of request is sent over HTTP to initiate a WebSocket connection?

Upgrade request Signup and view all the answers

How do WebSocket connections help in reducing network traffic and latency?

By operating in full-duplex mode Signup and view all the answers

Which API is mentioned in the text as a current trending API along with WebSocket?

REST Signup and view all the answers

In terms of services offered, how do REST and WebSocket APIs generally differ?

REST is stateless, while WebSocket is full-duplex Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the nature of REST services?

REST services are stateless, with each request containing all the necessary information to process it. Signup and view all the answers

How do WebSocket services differ from REST services in terms of communication direction?

WebSocket services allow full duplex communication between client and server. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic that distinguishes WebSocket services from REST services?

WebSocket services allow bi-directional communication between client and server. Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is commonly used for implementing REST services?

HTTP Signup and view all the answers

Which layer in the OSI model is responsible for TCP communication in IoT systems?

Transport layer Signup and view all the answers

What type of API is commonly used in the home automation example mentioned in the text?

REST API Signup and view all the answers

Which option is defined in the Operational View Specifications phase of IoT design methodology?

Device monitoring services Signup and view all the answers

What computing device is mentioned in the text as part of the Devices aspect in the home automation example?

Raspberry Pi Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is known for its lightweight messaging and uses a publish-subscribe model?

MQTT Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is specifically designed for real-time communication and XML data streaming?

XMPP Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is focused on machine-to-machine communication and uses a data-centric middleware standard?

DDS Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol supports both point-to-point and publish-subscribe models for business messaging?

AMQP Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key challenges faced by IoT?

Security and Privacy Signup and view all the answers

In the context of IoT, what is meant by 'Things'?

IoT devices capable of remote sensing Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of IoT devices?

Ability to dynamically discover other devices and describe themselves Signup and view all the answers

Why is interoperability considered a significant challenge in the IoT domain?

It focuses on the ability of IoT devices to work together seamlessly Signup and view all the answers

What can trigger alerts in the cloud-based IoT system if vibration levels exceed a certain threshold?

Analysis components Signup and view all the answers

In the IoT system described, what can the cloud-based application subscribe to for viewing real-time data?

Data feeds from sensors Signup and view all the answers

In terms of IoT levels, which level involves triggering alerts based on specific conditions like vibration levels exceeding thresholds?

IoT level-2 Signup and view all the answers

What is a specific functionality of cloud-based IoT systems mentioned in the text?

Real-time data visualization Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main roles that an IoT Service can play?

Sensor and Actuator Signup and view all the answers

What type of functions does the IoT Service Resolution FC provide?

Directory management and Service discovery Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Virtual Entity Functional Group?

Facilitate interactions between Users and Physical Things Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the text, what does a User query in an IoT system regarding the conference room 'Titan'?

'What is the temperature in the conference room Titan?' Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

TCP Connections: WebSocket vs. REST

WebSocket maintains an open connection allowing for bi-directional communication, while REST uses new connections for each request-response cycle.
WebSocket offers a lower header overhead due to persistent connections, whereas REST typically includes heavier headers for each request.

Scalability

REST services are generally more scalable because they can cache responses and use stateless interactions, reducing server load compared to WebSocket's stateful connections.

Initiating WebSocket Connection

A handshake request over HTTP with an "Upgrade" header is used to initiate a WebSocket connection.

Network Traffic and Latency

WebSocket connections reduce network traffic and latency by allowing continuous data streams and not requiring repeated headers for each message.

GraphQL is mentioned as a current trending API alongside WebSocket.

Services Offered: REST vs. WebSocket

REST services follow a request-response paradigm, while WebSocket APIs allow real-time, two-way communication channels.

Nature of REST Services

REST services are stateless, meaning each request from a client contains all necessary information for the server to respond.

Communication Direction

WebSocket services support full-duplex communication, unlike REST services, which follow a request-response model.

Characteristic of WebSocket Services

WebSocket services are characterized by their ability to maintain a single, long-lived connection for real-time data exchange.

Protocol for REST Services

HTTP is the commonly used protocol for implementing REST services.

OSI Model and TCP Communication

The Transport Layer in the OSI model is responsible for TCP communication in IoT systems.

API in Home Automation Example

REST APIs are commonly utilized in the home automation context mentioned.

Operational View Specifications in IoT

The Operational View Specifications phase defines the options and requirements for system design in IoT.

Computing Device in Home Automation

"Smart thermostat" is an example of a computing device in the Devices aspect of the home automation context.

Lightweight Messaging Protocol

MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is recognized for its lightweight messaging using a publish-subscribe model.

Real-time Communication Protocol

XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) is designed for real-time communication and XML data streaming.

Machine-to-Machine Communication

CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol) serves as a standard for machine-to-machine communication.

Business Messaging Support

AMQP (Advanced Message Queuing Protocol) supports both point-to-point and publish-subscribe messaging models for business communication.

Key IoT Challenge

One major challenge faced by IoT is ensuring security across numerous devices and connections.

'Things' in IoT Context

In IoT, 'Things' refer to devices and objects that can gather, send, and receive data.

Common Characteristic of IoT Devices

IoT devices typically exhibit characteristics of connectivity, enabling them to interact and communicate over networks.

Interoperability Challenge

Interoperability is significant in IoT as a variety of devices and protocols must work collectively, often leading to compatibility issues.

Cloud-based Alerts

Vibration sensors can trigger alerts in a cloud-based IoT system when levels exceed preset thresholds.

Real-time Data Subscription

The cloud-based application can subscribe to data streams from sensors to view real-time information in the described IoT system.

Alert Triggering Level in IoT

The operational level that triggers alerts based on specific sensor conditions is classified as the "Reactive Level" of IoT.

Functionality of Cloud-based IoT Systems

Cloud-based IoT systems can analyze and react to data inputs, facilitating automated decision-making processes.

Roles of IoT Service

An IoT Service can serve as a data aggregator or as a communication facilitator between devices and users.

Functions of IoT Service Resolution FC

The IoT Service Resolution Function covers discovering, managing, and delivering services to requests from IoT applications.

Virtual Entity Functional Group Purpose

Its purpose is to abstract and manage the interaction and communication between physical devices and virtual representations in the IoT ecosystem.

User Query Example in IoT System

A user can query the system regarding the occupancy or climate conditions of the conference room 'Titan'.

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Description

Explore the differences in TCP connections between REST services and WebSockets. Learn about the overhead of HTTP headers in REST services compared to the headerless nature of WebSockets, making the latter more suitable for real-time applications.

TCP Connections Comparison: REST Services vs WebSockets

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