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Questions and Answers
Who proposed the concept of micro taxonomy?
Who proposed the concept of micro taxonomy?
Which term was coined by _______________?
Which term was coined by _______________?
What is another name for evolutionary systematics?
What is another name for evolutionary systematics?
What does phylogenetic theory only accept?
What does phylogenetic theory only accept?
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What does a group of reproductively isolated natural populations refer to in biology?
What does a group of reproductively isolated natural populations refer to in biology?
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What is the primary purpose of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature?
What is the primary purpose of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature?
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According to the ICZN, why is priority an essential principle in zoological nomenclature?
According to the ICZN, why is priority an essential principle in zoological nomenclature?
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What is the main role of type specimens in zoological nomenclature?
What is the main role of type specimens in zoological nomenclature?
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Why is the principle of conservation important in zoological nomenclature?
Why is the principle of conservation important in zoological nomenclature?
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What do zoologists aim to achieve by adhering to the principles of zoological nomenclature?
What do zoologists aim to achieve by adhering to the principles of zoological nomenclature?
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Why is it essential for new taxonomic descriptions to include a clear diagnosis according to zoological nomenclature principles?
Why is it essential for new taxonomic descriptions to include a clear diagnosis according to zoological nomenclature principles?
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Who introduced the binomial nomenclature system for animals?
Who introduced the binomial nomenclature system for animals?
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When were the first formal rules for zoological nomenclature established?
When were the first formal rules for zoological nomenclature established?
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What is the primary goal of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN)?
What is the primary goal of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN)?
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Which principle was included in 'Cuvier's rules' for zoological nomenclature?
Which principle was included in 'Cuvier's rules' for zoological nomenclature?
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What type of nomenclature did Carl Linnaeus assign to every known species in 'Systema Naturae'?
What type of nomenclature did Carl Linnaeus assign to every known species in 'Systema Naturae'?
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When was the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) established as the international authority responsible for regulating animal names?
When was the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) established as the international authority responsible for regulating animal names?
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Study Notes
Concept of Micro Taxonomy
- The concept of micro taxonomy was proposed by Ernst Mayr.
Word Variety and Evolutionary Systematics
- The Word "variety" was coined by Bailey.
- Evolutionary systematics is also called as phylogenetic systematics.
Phylogenetic Theory and Traditional Theory
- Phylogenetic theory only accepts monophyletic groups.
- Traditional theory concept accepts paraphyletic and polyphyletic groups.
Species Concept
- A group of potentially or actually interbreeding natural population which is reproductively isolated from other such groups are called biological species.
- A reproductive community of sexually reproducing individuals which share in a common gene pool and is widely accepted are called biological species.
Evolutionary Species Concept
- Evolutionary species concept was proposed by Simpson.
Mental Concept
- Typological species concept are called mental concept.
Polytypic Species
- Species which contain two or more than two subspecies, are called polytypic species.
International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN)
- The ICZN has since released several editions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, which provides guidelines and rules for naming and classifying animals.
- Objectives of the ICZN and its codes include:
- Providing a system for naming and classifying animals that is stable, predictable, and widely accepted by the scientific community.
- Ensuring that animal names are unique, unambiguous, and correctly spelled and formatted.
- Providing rules for resolving conflicts or inconsistencies in animal names.
- Promoting the use of scientific names in all publications and communications related to zoology.
- Encouraging the publication of new taxonomic descriptions in peer-reviewed scientific journals.
- Facilitating communication and collaboration among zoologists around the world by promoting the use of a common language for naming animals.
Principles of Zoological Nomenclature
- Binomial nomenclature: Each species is assigned a two-part name consisting of a genus name and a specific epithet (e.g., Homo sapiens).
- Priority: The first valid publication of a name takes precedence over subsequent publications, even if they are more recent or more widely used.
- Conservation: Names should not be changed unnecessarily or arbitrarily.
- Availability: Names should be available for use by other scientists.
- Zoological Code: All names should conform to the rules established by the ICZN in its Code.
- Diagnosis: Each new taxonomic description should include a clear diagnosis that distinguishes the new taxon from other similar taxa.
- Type specimens: Each new taxonomic description should designate a type specimen, which is a representative individual that serves as a reference for the species.
History of Zoological Nomenclature
- The history of Zoological Nomenclature can be traced back to ancient times when humans first started documenting and classifying animals.
- In 1758, Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus published his work "Systema Naturae," which introduced the binomial nomenclature system that is still in use today.
- The first formal rules for zoological nomenclature were established in 1842 by the French zoologist Georges Cuvier.
- The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) was established in 1895 as the international authority responsible for regulating animal names.
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Description
Test your knowledge on taxonomy, evolutionary systematics, and phylogenetic theories with this quiz. Identify key figures in the development of these concepts and understand the fundamental principles of classifying organisms.
