Tadalafil and Erectile Dysfunction Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is a potential maternal adverse reaction associated with IV use of oxytocin?

Hypoglycemia

Coma (correct)

Constipation

Hyperkalemia

Which condition must be monitored closely during oxytocin administration for induction of labor?

Maternal appetite

Maternal body temperature

Maternal blood glucose levels

Fetal heart rate (FHR) (correct)

What should be done if contractions occur less than 2 minutes apart during oxytocin infusion?

Stop infusion and turn the patient on their left side (correct)

Increase the infusion rate

Administer a bolus of IV fluids

Stop infusion and turn the patient on their right side

Which lab test consideration is important during oxytocin administration?

Monitor maternal electrolytes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a nursing implication for oxytocin administration?

Administer simultaneously via multiple routes Signup and view all the answers

What should a patient do before resuming driving after starting phenobarbital?

Wait for physician clearance Signup and view all the answers

What should patients notify their healthcare provider about regarding their medication?

All medications and contacts they have taken Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is not commonly associated with phenobarbital?

Kidney failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of effect for phenobarbital when administered intravenously?

4-6 hours Signup and view all the answers

What action is advised for female patients regarding pregnancy when taking phenobarbital?

Notify healthcare provider if pregnancy is suspected Signup and view all the answers

What should patients carry with them while taking phenobarbital?

Identification describing their disease and medication regimen Signup and view all the answers

How should a patient handle a missed dose of phenobarbital?

Skip the missed dose if close to the next dose Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential severe adverse effect associated with intravenous administration of phenobarbital?

Hypotension Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of abruptly discontinuing IT therapy?

Fever and mental changes Signup and view all the answers

What physiological mechanism does Diazepam primarily utilize for its action?

Potentiation of GABA Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following should be monitored regularly during Diazepam therapy?

Heart rate and respiratory rate Signup and view all the answers

What are common signs of alcohol withdrawal that should be assessed?

Tremors and hallucinations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic effect of Diazepam related to anxiety management?

Sedation and anxiety relief Signup and view all the answers

What should be assessed in patients receiving Diazepam for muscle spasms?

Intensity and duration of muscle spasms Signup and view all the answers

What could be a potential effect of prolonged high-dose Diazepam therapy?

Physical or psychological dependence Signup and view all the answers

What assessments should be made regarding a patient's mental status during Diazepam therapy?

Orientation, mood, and behavior Signup and view all the answers

What should be done immediately after administering the procedure?

Have the patient remain supine for 15-30 minutes. Signup and view all the answers

Which step should be taken first when preparing to administer the gel?

Bring gel to room temperature. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum stability duration of the gel when refrigerated?

24 months Signup and view all the answers

If a patient experiences foul smelling vaginal discharge after administration, what should they do?

Notify the healthcare provider immediately. Signup and view all the answers

What is the indicated use of somatropin?

Long-term treatment of growth failure in children. Signup and view all the answers

What should not be attempted with the syringe after administering the gel?

Administering the remaining small amount of gel. Signup and view all the answers

In which situation is somatropin contraindicated?

In patients with hypersensitivity to somatropin. Signup and view all the answers

What emotional support should be provided during therapy?

Provide reassurance and understanding. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct procedure for applying a transdermal patch?

Press the patch firmly into place after applying. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you are referred for an MRI while using a transdermal patch?

Remove the patch before the test and follow replacement instructions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following instructions is crucial for using transdermal gel?

Avoid immersion in water for at least one hour after application. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant contraindication when using dinoprostone for cervical ripening?

Hypersensitivity to prostaglandins or additives. Signup and view all the answers

Which action should be avoided while using transdermal gel?

Showering or bathing one hour after application. Signup and view all the answers

What must be avoided in patients with herpes lesions to prevent spreading the infection?

Making sexual contact Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency for applying topical ointment for herpes lesions?

Every 3 hours Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom or condition requires contacting a healthcare provider in a herpes patient?

Symptoms not relieved after 7 days of treatment Signup and view all the answers

Why should women with genital herpes have yearly pap smears?

To detect potential cervical cancer early Signup and view all the answers

What should patients be advised about using a buccal tablet for herpes treatment?

It must adhere to the gum for effective treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential consequence of drug contact with the eyes for herpes patients?

Ocular herpetic infection leading to blindness Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of using ketorolac (Toradol)?

Short-term management of pain Signup and view all the answers

Which medication should not be taken concurrently with ketorolac due to the risk of increased bleeding?

Pentoxifylline Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Tadalafil

Erectile dysfunction agent, vasodilator (phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor)
Treats erectile dysfunction and benign prostatic hyperplasia
Contraindicated in hypersensitivity, concurrent nitrate or riociguat use, unstable angina, recent stroke (within 6 months), life-threatening heart failure (within 6 months), uncontrolled hypertension, or MI (within 90 days)
Also contraindicated in any other cardiovascular pathology, hereditary degenerative retinal disorders, or severe hepatic impairment, congenital/acquired QT interval prolongation, or concurrent use of Class IA or III antiarrhythmics or alpha-adrenergic blockers (for BPH)
Should not be taken with alpha-adrenergic blockers (unless on a stable dose) or nitrates
Take as needed, at least 30 minutes before sexual activity, and not more than once per day
Sexual stimulation is required for erection
Not indicated for women
Avoid excess alcohol (≥5 units)
Notify healthcare provider if erection lasts longer than 4 hours, or if sexual performance is unsatisfactory, unwanted side effects develop, or decreased vision loss in one or both eyes, decreased/loss in hearing, or dizziness occurs
Inform healthcare provider of all other medications
Counseling regarding protection against sexually transmitted diseases and HIV infection recommended

Oxytocin

Hormone (oxytocic)
Used for induction of labor at term, threatened abortion (IV), and postpartum control of bleeding after placental expulsion.
Maternal adverse reactions occur with IV use only
Potential adverse reactions include coma, seizures, hypotension, hypochloremia, hyponatremia, water intoxication, increased uterine motility, painful contractions, abruptio placentae, decreased uterine blood flow, and hypersensitivity
Nursing Implications: include assessment of fetal maturity, presentation, pelvic adequacy, character, frequency, duration of uterine contractions, and fetal heart rate (FHR) frequently.
In cases of frequent contractions (less than 2 minutes apart and lasting 60-90 seconds or longer), stop infusion, place patient on left side to prevent fetal anoxia, and notify healthcare provider immediately.
Monitor maternal blood pressure (BP) and pulse frequently throughout administration, and continuously monitor FHR.

Nifedipine

Antianginal, antihypertensive (calcium channel blocker)
Treats hypertension, angina pectoris, and vasospastic angina
Potential adverse reactions include headache, abnormal dreams, anxiety, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, jitteriness, nervousness, psychiatric disturbances, weakness, blurred vision, disturbed equilibrium, epistaxis, and tinnitus

Cough, Dyspnea, SOB, etc.

Potential symptoms of medical conditions, may indicate a need to assess and monitor the patient. It requires a more detailed context to provide specific information.

Potential Nursing Diagnoses

These are diagnoses that could be considered based on the information provided. Context is needed to provide more detailed information.

Ethinyl Estradiol

Contraceptive hormone
Prevents pregnancy, regulates menstrual cycle, and manages acne in women 14 years and older
Contraindicated in pregnancy
History of thromboembolic disease (DVT, PE, stroke), history of smoking (age > 35), valvular heart disease, major surgery, diabetes with vascular involvement, headache with focal neurological symptoms, uncontrolled hypertension, or a history or breast, endometrial or estrogen-dependent cancer

Oral Meds (General Instructions)

Take medication as directed, at the same time each day, in the original container
Do not skip doses unless almost time for the next dose; do not take double doses.
If a single dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered. If several consecutive doses are missed, contact a healthcare provider for guidance. If one dose is missed and it's close to the next scheduled dose, consult a healthcare professional. If it has been two days missed in a row, consult a provider

Terbutaline

Bronchodilator
Treats reversible airway diseases (asthma and COPD)
Unlabeled use in pregnancy for prevention/treatment (>48-72 hours)
Potential adverse reactions include nervousness, restlessness, tremor, headache, insomnia, pulmonary edema, angina, arrhythmias, hypertension, myocardial infarction (MI), nausea, and vomiting.

Risperidone

Antipsychotic, mood stabilizer
Treats symptoms of psychosis, bipolar mania, or autism.
Potential interactions with other medications including alcohol, antihistamines, sedative/hypnotics, opioid analgesics.
May cause extrapyramidal side effects (akathisia, dystonia, parkinsonism) and tardive dyskinesia.

Misoprostol (Cytotec)

Antiulcer and cytoprotective agent
Used for prevention of gastric ulcers (especially those associated with NSAID use) and termination of pregnancies (within 49 days)

Cisplatin

Antineoplastic (alkylating agent)
Treats metastatic ovarian cancer, testicular cancer, and bladder cancer
Potential adverse reactions are very diverse, from seizures, nausea, vomiting, to kidney/liver damage, hair loss, and other blood disorders

Methylphenidate

Central nervous system stimulant
Treats attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.
Potential side effects include chest pain, edema, tachycardia, constipation, dry mouth, nausea, abdominal pain, anorexia and diarrhea.

Cyclobenzaprine

Skeletal muscle relaxant
Treats acute conditions of the musculoskeletal system associated with muscle spasms
Possible side effects could include dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, fatigue, headache, nervousness, a dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, dyspepsia, nausea, and unpleasant taste.

Acyclovir

Antiviral agent
Treats herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections
Can potentially cause frequent urination.

Ketorolac

NSAID, non-opioid analgesic
Used short-term for pain management
Possible side effects that could occur including allergic reactions, kidney damage, bleeding problems and decreased blood pressure.

Alendronate

Bisphosphonate bone resorption inhibitor
Treat or prevents post-menopausal osteoporosis and Paget's disease
Can cause irritation if not taken correctly and may result in esophageal irritation.

Insulin Detemir

Antidiabetic
Treats hyperglycemia in diabetic patients
Potential adverse reactions, or side effects, include hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, or reactions related to the administration methodology.

Butorphanol

Opioid analgesic
Used for pain relief during labor.
Potential side effects include respiratory depression, nausea, and vomiting.

Oxybutynin

Anticholinergic
Treats overactive bladder
Potential side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision, constipation, dry mouth, nausea, abdominal pain, anorexia and diarrhea.

Dinoprostone

Cervical ripening agent
Stimulates labor or facilitates delivery
Potential adverse reactions include severe uterine contractions, pelvic pain, and bleeding.

Somatropin

Growth hormone
Treats growth failure in children and growth deficiencies in adults
Potential side effects include hypersensitivity reactions (including anaphylaxis), increased risk of second neoplasm in childhood cancer survivors, Prader-Willi syndrome, acute critical illness, and other conditions.

Levetiracetam

Anticonvulsant
Treats various types of seizures
Potential side effects that could occur are a wide variety of neurological effects, such as suicidal thoughts, vertigo, diplopia, trouble with heart rhythm, or a generalized abnormal skin reaction.

Phenobarbital

Anticonvulsant, sedative/hypnotic
Treats seizures and conditions requiring sedation
Side effects reported can include potential gastrointestinal symptoms (constipation/diarrhea with N/V).

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Description

This quiz covers the key aspects of Tadalafil, a medication used for treating erectile dysfunction and benign prostatic hyperplasia. It explores its contraindications, dosage recommendations, and necessary precautions for safe use. Test your knowledge on the medical guidelines surrounding this medication.