Tablet Manufacturing and Lactose as a Filler Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary advantage of using tablets as an oral dosage form?

  • Easy and convenient to use (correct)
  • Greater chemical mobility for drug molecules
  • Rapid absorption in the gastrointestinal tract
  • Increased likelihood of chemical reactions within the drug molecules

    • What characteristic of the drug molecule in a solid-state crystal lattice contributes to its stability?

  • Low compactness
  • Unpredictable structure
  • Restricted mobility (correct)
  • High chemical reactivity

    • In what ways can tablets be administered orally?

  • Mixed with food, inhaled as a gas, and absorbed through the skin
  • Inhaled as a powder, injected, and applied topically
  • Chewed, dissolved in water, and kept in the mouth for absorption (correct)
  • Dissolved in alcohol, inhaled as a liquid, and inserted rectally

    • What is the advantage of having a pre-measured dose contained in a tablet?

    <p>Accurate dosing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tablet is designed to be dissolved in the mouth?

    <p>Disintegrating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the friability test for tablets?

    <p>To evaluate weight loss after mechanical motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor can affect the bioavailability and suitability of drugs in tablet form?

    <p>Pharmacokinetics and onset of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can limit the absorption of polar drugs in the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Membrane permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the disintegration test for tablets assess?

    <p>Time taken for tablets to disintegrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of tablets makes them susceptible to chemical reactions compromising stability?

    <p>Increased mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tablet is designed to bypass the stomach and dissolve in the intestines?

    <p>Enteric-coated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the uniformity of weight test for tablets?

    <p>To evaluate tablet weight consistency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding tablets for small kids or the elderly?

    <p>Tablet size and ease of swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can affect the stability and compatibility of active ingredients in tablets?

    <p>Excipients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern when manufacturing millions of tablets per day?

    <p>Tablet stability during shipping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of tablets has specific percentage leeway based on tablet weight?

    <p>Uniformity of weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tablet manufacturing process is suitable for compressible and flowable powders?

    <p>Direct compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the advantages of inorganic calcium salts in tablet manufacturing?

    <p>Good flow properties and non-hygroscopic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ingredient is suitable for chewable tablets and provides a sweet taste and cooling sensation?

    <p>Mannitol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of disintegrating agents in tablet formulation?

    <p>Facilitate the breakup of tablets in the gastrointestinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of lubricants in tablet manufacturing?

    <p>Reduce friction between die walls and tablet components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property makes cellulose unsuitable for tablet manufacturing?

    <p>Hygroscopic nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tablet manufacturing process involves mixing and pressing ingredients directly?

    <p>Direct compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of glidants in tablet manufacturing?

    <p>Improve powder flow into the die cavity and reduce friction between particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the properties of agglomerated modified lactose suitable for in tablet manufacturing?

    <p>Good flow and binding properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the properties of binders in tablet formulation?

    <p>Increase the cohesiveness of particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ingredient is highly compressible and widely used as a direct-compression tablet filler?

    <p>Microcrystalline cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the properties of mannitol, starch, and sorbitol in tablet manufacturing?

    <p>Often used in combinations for chewable tablets, providing a sweet taste and cooling sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of wet granulation?

    <p>Cost and stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is ideal for moisture- and heat-sensitive materials?

    <p>Dry granulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the stages involved in tabletting compaction processes?

    <p>Compression and consolidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of wet granulation?

    <p>Versatility and flexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves mixing, slug compression, and milling?

    <p>Dry granulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the shape and dimension of tablets?

    <p>Punches and dies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of dry granulation?

    <p>Moisture and heat sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of granulation?

    <p>Flowability and compressibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves mixing, wet massing, and screening?

    <p>Wet granulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation of wet granulation?

    <p>Cost, stability, and dissolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the advantages of wet granulation?

    <p>Liquid binders and suitability for poorly compressible materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves mixing, slug compression, and dry screening?

    <p>Dry granulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lactose is directly compressible and less prone to moisture uptake?

    <p>Crystalline β-lactose monohydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars that can affect tablet formulation when using lactose?

    <p>Maillard reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lactose is not directly compressible and requires wet granulation to produce hard tablets?

    <p>Crystalline α-lactose monohydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lactose is amorphous and more easily dissolved, but less stable and more expensive due to the extra processing step of spray drying?

    <p>Spray-dried lactose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the ideal properties of fillers in tablet formulation?

    <p>Chemically inert, compatible with drugs, and hygroscopic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common filler used in tablet formulation?

    <p>Lactose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the advantages of lactose as a filler in tablet formulation?

    <p>Readily dissolved in water and good taste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding the use of lactose as a filler in tablet formulation?

    <p>Chemical instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is required to produce hard tablets using crystalline α-lactose monohydrate?

    <p>Wet granulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lactose is less stable and more expensive due to the extra processing step of spray drying?

    <p>Modified lactose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key properties of lactose as a filler in tablet formulation?

    <p>Readily dissolved in water and chemically inert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Tablet Manufacturing Processes and Considerations

    • Direct compression (DC) is limited to 20% poorly compressible drug, with a 50 mg tablet size being within the accepted range.
    • Increasing excipients can increase tablet weight, and wet granulation can improve compressibility.
    • Granulation is a process for flowability, compressibility, preventing segregation, avoiding dustiness, and achieving controlled release.
    • Wet granulation involves mixing, wet massing, screening, drying, dry screening, and adding excipients for tabletting.
    • Wet granulation advantages include versatility and flexibility, but it has limitations related to cost, stability, and dissolution.
    • Dry granulation involves mixing, slug compression, milling, dry screening, and adding excipients for tabletting.
    • Dry granulation is ideal for moisture- and heat-sensitive materials, but it requires heavy-duty equipment and may produce uneven color distribution.
    • Wet granulation uses liquid binders and is suitable for poorly compressible and poorly flowing materials, while dry granulation forms granules without added moisture and is faster.
    • The choice between direct compression, dry granulation, and wet granulation depends on compressibility and flow properties.
    • The shape and dimension of tablets are determined by punches and dies in tabletting compaction processes.
    • The tabletting compaction process involves compression and consolidation to reduce the bulk volume of powder in the die cavity and bond particles.
    • Tablet making involves particle rearrangement, deformation, and bonding stages, with particles deforming elastically and undergoing plastic and brittle fracture.

    Overview of Lactose as a Filler in Tablet Formulation

    • Fillers, also known as diluents or bulking agents, help in forming active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) into tablet form by providing sufficient bulk volume for compression.
    • Ideal properties of fillers include being chemically inert, compatible with drugs and other excipients, non-hygroscopic, water-soluble, and having good compactibility and flow properties.
    • Examples of fillers include lactose, mannitol, sorbitol, calcium phosphate/carbonate, cellulose, and starch, with lactose being the most common.
    • Lactose has advantages such as being readily dissolved in water and having good taste, but it can cause lactose intolerance and undergo chemical reactions towards amines, affecting tablet stability, efficiency, and safety.
    • Lactose can exist in different types, such as crystalline lactose (granulation) and modified lactose (direct compression), each with varying properties and uses.
    • Crystalline α-lactose monohydrate is not directly compressible and requires wet granulation to produce hard tablets, while crystalline β-lactose monohydrate is directly compressible and less prone to moisture uptake.
    • Modified lactose, such as spray-dried lactose, is amorphous and more easily dissolved, but it is less stable and more expensive than its crystalline counterpart due to the extra processing step of spray drying.
    • The amorphous nature of modified lactose makes it chemically and physically less stable, leading to issues with moisture absorption and particle instability.
    • The Maillard reaction, a chemical reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars, can cause discoloration and affect tablet formulation when using lactose.
    • Lactose undergoes different processes such as sieving, milling, and spray drying to produce different types with varying properties and applications.
    • Lactose is widely used as a filler in tablet formulation due to its advantageous properties, cost-effectiveness, and suitability for various manufacturing processes.
    • Understanding the properties and types of lactose as a filler is crucial for pharmaceutical formulation and tablet production to ensure product quality and stability.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of tablet manufacturing processes and considerations, as well as the properties and uses of lactose as a filler in tablet formulation. Explore topics such as direct compression, wet and dry granulation, tablet compaction, and the advantages and limitations of lactose as a filler. Ideal for pharmaceutical professionals and students seeking to expand their understanding of tablet production.

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