Systems Analysis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of gathering user feedback on prototypes and test scenarios?

To reinforce design constraints

To refine and improve system design (correct)

To ensure data security

To meet regulatory standards

Which category does NOT fall under functional requirements?

System behaviors

Security measures (correct)

User interactions

Use cases

What do performance requirements specifically address?

Development tools used

Ease of user learning

Adherence to compliance standards

Speed and efficiency of the system (correct)

Which of the following is not considered a usability requirement?

System reliability Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a design constraint?

Restrictions related to hardware and software Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'supportability requirements' imply?

Criteria for maintaining and updating systems Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is not typically included in the FURPS requirements model?

Vendor support Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'scalability' in the context of system requirements?

The capacity to manage increased loads Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of internal stakeholders within an organization?

They are individuals within the organization affected by or interested in the system. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of use cases?

To define functional requirements of the system. Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is specifically used to identify use cases based on user needs?

User Goal Technique Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes executive stakeholders?

They are affected by system outcomes but do not directly use it. Signup and view all the answers

What does modeling help to achieve in the development process?

Simplify complex systems and ensure thorough documentation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method for identifying use cases?

Cost-Benefit Analysis Signup and view all the answers

What type of stakeholders are characterized by regular interaction with the system?

Operational Stakeholders Signup and view all the answers

What naming convention is encouraged for use cases?

Verb-Noun Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of gathering detailed information in systems analysis?

To understand users' needs and expectations Signup and view all the answers

Which category is used for requirements that are not essential but still valuable?

Nice-to-Have Signup and view all the answers

Which method involves gathering structured feedback from a larger group of users?

Questionnaires Signup and view all the answers

What technique can be used to visualize the flow of business processes?

Activity Diagram Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of evaluating requirements with users?

To adapt requirements based on user feedback Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential characteristic of non-functional requirements?

They define how the system should perform Signup and view all the answers

Which information gathering technique focuses on directly observing system users in action?

Observation Signup and view all the answers

What should be the focus while developing user-interface dialogs?

Designing intuitive user interactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of classifying users by functional role?

To organize users based on their department for effective communication. Signup and view all the answers

Which provides insights into the specific goals users have for a new system?

Interviewing users of various types. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after developing a preliminary list of use cases?

Identify shared use cases among different user types. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a primary actor in UML?

A user who initiates use cases to achieve goals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the system boundary in a use case diagram?

To illustrate the limitations of the entire application. Signup and view all the answers

What does the automation boundary represent in a system diagram?

The division between automated processes and manual user interactions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key step in ensuring the accuracy of use cases?

Reviewing the final list with users and stakeholders. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes Unified Modeling Language (UML)?

A standardized modeling language for documenting system designs. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Systems Analysis Activities

Gather Detailed Information:
- Methods: Interviews, questionnaires, document review, process observation, vendor research, and collecting feedback.
Define Requirements:
- Tasks: Model functional requirements (system's actions) and define non-functional requirements (quality attributes like performance and user experience).
Prioritize Requirements:
- Categories: Essential, Important, and Nice-to-Have.
Develop User-Interface Dialogs:
- Focus: Design the interaction flow between user and system.
Evaluate Requirements with Users:
- Approach: Gather user feedback and adapt requirements based on their input.

Information Gathering Techniques

Interviewing Users and Stakeholders:
- Purpose: Acquire direct insights, requirements, and expectations from those involved.
Distributing and Collecting Questionnaires:
- Purpose: Obtain structured feedback from a larger user group.
Reviewing Inputs, Outputs, and Documentation:
- Purpose: Understand legacy systems, workflows, and documentation for informing new system design.
Observing and Documenting Business Procedures:
- Purpose: Gain practical understanding of existing processes and identify improvement areas.
Researching Vendor Solutions:
- Purpose: Explore available tools and solutions that meet the project's needs.
Collecting Active User Comments and Suggestions:
- Purpose: Incorporate user feedback and recommendations into the system design.

System Requirements

Functional Requirements: The actions the system must perform.
- Examples: Functions users carry out.
- Use Cases: Detailed descriptions of user-system interactions to achieve specific goals.
Non-Functional Requirements: Other system characteristics.
- Examples: System speed, constraints, performance goals, and overall quality attributes.
FURPS Requirements Acronym:
- Functional Requirements: Specific system behaviors and functions.
- Usability Requirements: Ease of learning, operating, and interacting with the system.
- Reliability Requirements: Consistent system performance over time and under various conditions.
- Performance Requirements: System speed, responsiveness, and efficiency.
- Security Requirements: Protection against unauthorized access and threats.
- Plus (+): Supportability (ease of maintenance), Scalability (handling increased loads), and Compliance (meeting regulations).

Additional Requirements Categories

Design Constraints: Restrictions related to hardware and software during design.
Implementation Requirements: Specifications for languages, tools, protocols, and technologies used.
Interface Requirements: Requirements for how the system interfaces with other systems.
Physical Requirements: Constraints related to physical facilities and equipment supporting the system.
Supportability Requirements: Criteria for automatic updates, enhancement methods, and overall ease of maintenance.

Stakeholders

Description: Individuals or groups with an interest in the system's successful implementation.
Internal Stakeholders: Individuals within the organization affected by or interested in the system.
External Stakeholders: Individuals or groups outside the organization impacted by or interested in the system.
Operational Stakeholders: Users regularly interacting with the system.
Executive Stakeholders: Individuals affected by system outcomes or having financial or strategic interest.

Reasons for Modeling

Learning from the Modeling Process: Gain insights and understanding through model creation.
Reducing Complexity by Abstraction: Simplifying complex systems with abstract representations.
Remembering All the Details: Documenting and remembering all system aspects.
Communicating with Development Team Members: Facilitating clear communication and collaboration.
Communicating with Users and Stakeholders: Ensuring various users and stakeholders understand the system.
Documenting for Future Maintenance/Enhancement: Providing a reference for future updates and maintenance.

Use Cases

Definition: An activity the system performs, typically in response to a user request.
Purpose: Defining functional requirements.
Decomposition: Breaking down the system into use cases.
Techniques for Identifying Use Cases:
- User Goal Technique: Identifying specific goals users have for the system.
- Event Decomposition Technique: Analyzing events that trigger system actions.
Naming Convention: Verb-Noun format (e.g., "Place Order").

User Goal Technique Steps

Identify Potential Users: Determine all potential users of the system.
Classify Users by Functional Role: Group users based on their job roles.
Classify Users by Organizational Level: Categorize users by their organizational structure.
Interview Users: Gather a list of user goals for the new system.
Create Preliminary Use Cases: Develop an initial list of use cases organized by user type.
Resolve Duplicates and Inconsistencies: Identify and address any redundancies in use case names.
Identify Shared Use Cases: Determine where different user types require the same use cases.
Review with Users and Stakeholders: Ensure completeness and accuracy of the finalized list.

Use Case Diagrams

Definition: A UML model graphically representing use cases and their relationships with actors.
Unified Modeling Language (UML): A standardized modeling language for specifying, visualizing, and documenting system design.
Actor: An end user or another system interacting with the system being designed.
- Primary Actors: Those initiating use cases and interacting with the system to achieve goals.
System Boundary: The limits of the total application, separating the system from external components.
Automation Boundary: Separates the system's computerized parts from user interactions.

Midterm Exam Tips

Study the Symbols: Be familiar with UML symbols and their representations.
Identify Use Cases: Understand how to identify use case scenarios.
Identify Actors, Stakeholders, etc.: Differentiate between various roles in a system context.

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Description

Test your knowledge on systems analysis activities, including information gathering techniques, requirement definition, and user interface development. This quiz covers essential methods used in evaluating and prioritizing requirements to enhance user experience.