Système d'Information - Concepts de base
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Questions and Answers

Quelle composante d'un système d'information se concentre sur la gestion des données transactionnelles ?

  • Middle office
  • Data center
  • Front office
  • Back office (correct)
  • Quel terme décrit le type de cloud qui combine l'ancien et le nouveau système d'information ?

  • Serverless
  • Cloud natif
  • On-premise
  • Cloud hybride (correct)
  • Quelle méthode de traitement de données est liée à des processus non immédiats et se déroule à intervalles réguliers ?

  • Stream
  • Real-time
  • Batch (correct)
  • APIs
  • Quel type d'architecture logicielle est souvent associé à des applications monolithiques rigides des années 1990 ?

    <p>Architecture orientée spaghetti</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est l'enjeu principal des systèmes d'information en 2024 en matière d'environnement ?

    <p>Green IT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est un des principaux inconvénients de l'architecture monolithique?

    <p>Couplage fort des fonctionnalités</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel type d'architecture est principalement associé aux années 2000?

    <p>Lasagna-oriented architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Laquelle des descriptions suivantes s'applique à l'architecture en micro-services?

    <p>Chaque fonctionnalité est indépendante et utilise un format de données défini</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est l'objectif principal de la méthode d'urbanisation dans le cadre de l'architecture logicielle?

    <p>Évaluer les processus, données et applications actuels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelle combinaison représente le groupe des équipes de produits autonomes?

    <p>Ingénierie, produit, design, données, et QA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Tanguy Giton - Profil

    • Tanguy Giton is an ESIEA alumnus from 2018.
    • He has a Master's degree in Project and Program Management from SKEMA.
    • He is a software editor for IKNO.
    • He works as a freelance IT consultant.
    • His email address is [email protected].

    Système d'Information - Concepts de base

    • A system organized to:
      • Collect information at its source.
      • Process raw data into useful information.
      • Store information securely and accessibly.
      • Distribute the right information at the right time.
      • Protect information's confidentiality and integrity.
    • Information systems are essential for a company's operations.

    Composants d'un Système d'Information

    • Users: Clients, employees, and partners.
    • Applications: ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning), CRM (Customer Relationship Management) and others.
    • Infrastructure: Servers, networks, and security.
    • Data: Referential data, transactions documents and more.
    • Business processes (e.g., sales, production, support).

    Le SI, Créateur de Valeur Business

    • Raw data gives rise to useful information.
    • Useful information empowers informed decisions.
    • This creates value for business.
    • Examples include personalization based on client data and predictive maintenance using data from IoT.

    Anatomie d'un SI Bancaire Moderne

    • System designed for different departments (front, middle, and back offices).
    • Front Office: interacts with clients (e.g., web, mobile, branches).
    • Middle Office: controls risks, fraud.
    • Back Office: handles operations (e.g., accounting, treasury, reporting).
    • Data Centers: hold central data (e.g., client accounts, transactions.)

    Flux D'Information dans le SI Moderne

    • Data flows from sources to processing, storage, and usage stages.
    • Different data types use different methodologies (real-time, batch).
    • Data is stored in operational databases, data warehouses, and data lakes.
    • Data is used for analytics and dashboards.

    Enjeux des SI en 2024

    • Legacy Systems: monolithic applications, on-premise infrastructure, long development cycles, and siloed teams.
    • Present: coexistence of old and new systems, cloud hybrid systems, agile development, DevOps-based practices and APIs/Microservices are common.
    • Future: cloud-native, serverless architectures, event-driven systems, are on the rise and focus on modern technologies like AI and edge computing.

    Urbanisation des SI - Principes et Méthode

    • Information systems are structured into hierarchical layers based on the business strategy, processes, data flows, functional areas, apps, and technical infrastructure.

    Architecture Logicielle - Évolution

    • The evolution of software architecture is presented through analogies to types of food: Spaghetti (1990s), Lasagna (2000s), Ravioli (2010s), and then a suggested Pizza.

    Application Monolithique

    • A single codebase to cover all business functions, potentially with strong dependencies between modules.
    • A great approach in its time, but with risks as the codebase grows and requires maintaining a larger, interconnected system.

    Application Monolithique en Couches

    • Uses design patterns for better organization.
    • Separates responsibilities to limit the impact of changes.
    • Still a single codebase, potentially with modularity improvements but still vulnerable to scale.

    Application en Micro-services

    • Independent services for each business function.
    • Different technologies can be leveraged where needed.
    • Limited dependencies allows for faster development, deployment and maintenance.

    Méthode d'Urbanisation

    • A step-by-step method for organizing a company's information system.
    • Includes assessment, planning and implementation stages, critical for company's long-term success.

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    Description

    Testez vos connaissances sur les concepts fondamentaux des systèmes d'information. Explorez les composantes essentielles, notamment la collecte, le traitement, le stockage et la distribution d'informations. Assurez-vous de comprendre le rôle crucial des systèmes d'information dans le fonctionnement d'une entreprise.

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