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Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of system integration?
What is the primary goal of system integration?
Which of the following is NOT a key step in the system integration process?
Which of the following is NOT a key step in the system integration process?
Which challenge is related to the technical compatibility of systems during integration?
Which challenge is related to the technical compatibility of systems during integration?
What are the crucial components of system architecture?
What are the crucial components of system architecture?
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Which step in building a system architecture involves designing the overall layout and structure?
Which step in building a system architecture involves designing the overall layout and structure?
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What type of system integration focuses on the collaboration between different businesses?
What type of system integration focuses on the collaboration between different businesses?
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In the context of system architecture, what does scalability refer to?
In the context of system architecture, what does scalability refer to?
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Which of the following is a type of system architecture that is designed to be a single, unified application?
Which of the following is a type of system architecture that is designed to be a single, unified application?
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What is the primary focus of a predictive project life cycle?
What is the primary focus of a predictive project life cycle?
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Which of the following is not a phase of a project life cycle?
Which of the following is not a phase of a project life cycle?
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What is a characteristic of the Agile project life cycle?
What is a characteristic of the Agile project life cycle?
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What is the purpose of establishing system architecture?
What is the purpose of establishing system architecture?
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In which project life cycle phase does the project manager define scope and objectives?
In which project life cycle phase does the project manager define scope and objectives?
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Which project life cycle approach delivers software in fully completed pieces?
Which project life cycle approach delivers software in fully completed pieces?
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What does the planning phase primarily involve?
What does the planning phase primarily involve?
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Which architectural style allows for decentralized interactions between multiple entities?
Which architectural style allows for decentralized interactions between multiple entities?
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What ethical issue is raised by the unauthorized use of computer services or stored information?
What ethical issue is raised by the unauthorized use of computer services or stored information?
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In the context of computer ethics, new forms of assets challenge traditional concepts of ownership due to their unique nature. What is one example of such an asset?
In the context of computer ethics, new forms of assets challenge traditional concepts of ownership due to their unique nature. What is one example of such an asset?
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Which of the following is a general moral imperative related to ethical behavior in computing?
Which of the following is a general moral imperative related to ethical behavior in computing?
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What responsibility is associated with the integrity and appropriateness of computer output?
What responsibility is associated with the integrity and appropriateness of computer output?
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Which action is part of ethical computing practices in relation to intellectual property?
Which action is part of ethical computing practices in relation to intellectual property?
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What is the primary focus of the development stage in the product life cycle?
What is the primary focus of the development stage in the product life cycle?
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Which phase of the product life cycle is characterized by stable market position and consistent sales?
Which phase of the product life cycle is characterized by stable market position and consistent sales?
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At which stage is a product first launched into the market?
At which stage is a product first launched into the market?
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Which of the following best describes the retirement stage in the product life cycle?
Which of the following best describes the retirement stage in the product life cycle?
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How does the product life cycle differ from the project life cycle?
How does the product life cycle differ from the project life cycle?
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What is a common misconception about cybercrime?
What is a common misconception about cybercrime?
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Which aspect is typically included in the project life cycle but not in the product life cycle?
Which aspect is typically included in the project life cycle but not in the product life cycle?
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In which phase of the product life cycle does a product generally gain momentum and popularity?
In which phase of the product life cycle does a product generally gain momentum and popularity?
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What is a primary use of computers as communication tools in illegal activities?
What is a primary use of computers as communication tools in illegal activities?
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Which of the following best describes intellectual property?
Which of the following best describes intellectual property?
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Which of the following is an example of a computer used as a storage device for unlawful activity?
Which of the following is an example of a computer used as a storage device for unlawful activity?
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What do copyrights primarily protect?
What do copyrights primarily protect?
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Which type of property can include items like cars and bank accounts?
Which type of property can include items like cars and bank accounts?
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What function do trademarks serve in commerce?
What function do trademarks serve in commerce?
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Which of the following activities falls under the use of computers as a target?
Which of the following activities falls under the use of computers as a target?
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In which category do the illegal sales of prescription drugs and gambling activities belong?
In which category do the illegal sales of prescription drugs and gambling activities belong?
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Study Notes
System Integration
- Definition: Connecting multiple systems into a single, larger system that functions as one.
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Examples:
- Inventory Management & Point-of-Sale (POS) Integration
- CAD & Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) Integration
- Banking Systems & Accounting Software Integration
- Electronic Health Records (EHR) & Appointment Scheduling Systems Integration
- CRM & Marketing Automation Integration
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Key Steps:
- Planning and feasibility analysis - Assess systems and develop a strategy.
- Architecture Modeling - Design a custom architecture to meet specific needs.
- Implementation - Execute and make the system usable.
- Maintenance - Routine upkeep of the integration.
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Benefits:
- Consistency
- Agility and Innovation
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Challenges:
- Compatibility Issues - Ensuring systems work together seamlessly.
- Security and Compliance - Maintaining data security and adhering to regulations.
- Resource Constraints - Limited budget, time, or expertise.
- Maintenance and Upgrades - Upgrading systems as needed.
- Change Management - Managing the transition for users.
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Types:
- Legacy System Integration - Connecting older systems.
- Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) - Connecting applications within an organization.
- Third-party System Integration - Connecting external systems .
- Business-to-Business Integration (B2B) - Connecting systems between businesses.
System Architecture
- Definition: The structural framework defining the properties of a system.
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Key Components:
- Hardware Infrastructure - Physical components like servers and storage devices.
- Software Stack - Software layers like operating systems, databases, and applications.
- Network Configuration - How systems are connected.
- Data Storage - Mechanisms for storing data.
- Web User Interface (UI) - User interactions with the system.
- Security Measures - Security protocols to protect data and systems.
- Scalability Solutions - Ability to handle increased usage.
- Integration Protocols - Standards for communicating between systems.
- Monitoring and Logging - Tracking system performance and events.
- Backup and Recovery - Procedures for restoring data in case of failures.
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Building a System Architecture:
- Define Your OBJECTIVES - What the system should accomplish.
- Identify STAKEHOLDERS - Individuals or groups involved.
- Gather REQUIREMENTS - The functionalities and features needed.
- Design the ARCHITECTURE - Create a blueprint of the system.
- Prototype and Test - Create a working model and evaluate it.
- Implement and Monitor - Put the architecture into practice and track its performance.
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Types:
- Monolithic - All components in one unit.
- Client-Server - Client interacts with a server.
- Service-Oriented - Components as services that communicate via messages.
- Microservices - Small, independent units of code.
- Event-Driven - Components react to events.
- Layered - Components organized in distinct layers.
- Peer-to-Peer - Components communicate directly with each other.
- Message-Driven - Components communicate via messages.
- Hybrid - Combines elements of multiple architectures.
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Importance:
- Build a Solid Foundation for the Software Project
- Reduce Costs
- Troubleshooting and Improving Performance
- Quicker changes
Project Life Cycle
- Definition: Framework for managing projects strategically and effectively.
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Types:
- Predictive (Traditional/Classical) - Planning and determining project needs before starting. Examples: Waterfall.
- Iterative - Developing software in iterations, with feedback incorporated in each step.
- Incremental - Developing software in stages, each stage producing a complete feature.
- Agile/Adaptive (Change-driven) - Focusing on feedback, timely delivery, and unclear scopes.
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Phases:
- Initiation - Defining the scope and objectives.
- Planning - Identifying technical requirements, creating a detailed project schedule, communication plan, and setting goals/deliverables.
- Execution - Implementing tasks based on the Project Plan.
- Monitoring - Tracking project progress and team performance.
- Closing - Finalizing the project after delivery.
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Product Life Cycle vs. Project Life Cycle
- Product Life Cycle: Covers the entire life of a product, including multiple versions and releases.
- Project Life Cycle: Focuses on specific development tasks for a product version.
- Differences: A product life cycle includes marketing and support, while a project life cycle focuses on development.
Computer Crime (Cybercrime)
- Definition: Criminal activity using computers or networks.
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Categories:
- Computers as Targets: Gaining unauthorized access to information, controlling systems, or altering data integrity.
- Computers as Storage Devices: Storing stolen data, such as passwords, credit card information, or pirated software.
- Computers as Communication Tools: Using computers for online crimes like drug sales, fraud, or child pornography.
Intellectual Property
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Primary Types of Property:
- Real Property: Land and permanent attachments (buildings, trees).
- Personal Property: Movable goods (cars, furniture, bank accounts).
- Intellectual Property: Intangible assets based on human knowledge and ideas.
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Types of Intellectual Property:
- Copyrights: Protecting the expression of an idea, not the idea itself.
- Trademarks: Identifying the source of goods.
- Patents: Granting exclusive rights to inventions.
- Trade Secrets: Confidential information that gives a business a competitive edge.
- Industrial Designs: Protecting the aesthetic features of a product.
Ethical Issues (Computer Ethics)
- Repositories and Processors of Information: Unfair or inappropriate use of computer services or information stored on them.
- Producers of New Forms of Assets: Ownership and legal protection of new assets like computer programs.
- Instruments of Acts: Responsibility for the integrity and appropriateness of computer output.
- Symbols of Intimidation and Deception: Addressing the perception of computers as infallible, thinking machines, or replacements for humans.
General Moral Imperatives
- Contribute to Society and Human Well-being:
- Avoid Harm to Others:
- Be Honest and Trustworthy:
- Be Fair and Take Action not to Discriminate:
- Honor Property Rights including Copyrights and Patents:
- Give Proper Credit for Intellectual Property:
- Respect the Privacy of Others:
- Honor Confidentiality:
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Description
Explore the essential concepts of system integration, including definitions, key steps, and examples. Learn about the benefits and challenges involved in connecting multiple systems to function as a cohesive unit. This quiz will enhance your understanding of what it takes to achieve successful system integration.
