Syntax

Syntax

• Syntax is NOT concerned with the sound or pronunciation of words, nor with the emotional or attitudinal aspects of language.

Theoretical Grammar

• The aim of theoretical grammar is to describe the underlying system of rules and principles that govern the structure of language.

Nouns

• Nouns typically have the properties of being a single unit of meaning, referring to entities in the real or imaginary world, and functioning as the main elements of phrases and sentences.

Explicit and Implicit Meaning

• "You're going to get in trouble" is an example of explicit meaning, as the speaker directly states the listener will get in trouble.
• "Can you pass the salt?" is an example of implicit meaning, as the speaker implies they want the salt without directly asking for it.

Verbs

• According to their morphological structure, there are two main types of verbs: simple and derived.

Signals of Syntactic Structure

• Signals of Syntactic Structure include word order, grammatical morphemes, and function words, which help to identify the syntactic structure of a sentence.

Syntax Definition

• Syntax is the study of how words are combined to form phrases, clauses, and sentences, focusing on the rules governing their arrangement.

Adjectives

• The main function of an adjective is to modify or describe a noun or pronoun, indicating quality, quantity, or other attributes.

Prosody

• Prosody refers to the rhythm, stress, and intonation of speech, which contribute to the overall meaning of an utterance.

Contribution of Syntax

• Syntax contributes to a sentence by providing the underlying structure, organization, and coherence of words, thus enabling effective communication.

Adverbs

• In the sentence 'I would not particularly like to move to a modern house', 'particularly' is an adverb of degree, indicating the extent or degree of an action or state.

Noun Types

• Abstract nouns (e.g., happiness, freedom) are a type of noun.
• Common nouns (e.g., dog, city) are a type of noun.
• Collective nouns (e.g., family, team) are a type of noun.
• Proper nouns (e.g., John, London) are a type of noun.
• None of the above is NOT a type of noun.

Link Verbs

• Be, seem, and appear are examples of link verbs.

Notional Syntagmas

• A notional syntagma is a phrase or clause that functions as a single unit of meaning.
• A phrase is a group of words that functions as a single part of speech.
• A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate.
• A sentence is a complete thought or utterance.