Questions and Answers
What is the minimum exposure time recommended for mature, high libido vasectomized boars to gilts?
What nutrient is NOT emphasized for inclusion in the gilt developer diet?
Why is farrowing rate not considered a good predictor of herd fertility?
What is the purpose of the adjusted farrowing rate (Adjusted FR)?
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What service routine should be used for sows detected in heat during a morning check?
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What is the average number of farrowing index in swine production based on the provided data?
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Which body condition score indicates an emaciated condition in sows?
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What body condition score should gilts ideally target for farrowing?
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What factor significantly influences herd productivity in swine?
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Which of the following statements about the induction of early puberty in gilts is correct?
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What is the typical weight difference at second estrus between the slowest and fastest growing gilts?
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Which breeding aspect should receive more focus as indicated in the content?
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What is a target parity distribution for an average herd regarding gilt litters?
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Which condition score indicates that a sow is considered slightly thin?
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In regards to the productivity of breeding herds, what is the implication of having more gilts bred and farrowed?
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Study Notes
Swine Accreditation and Breeding Herd Productivity
- The Philippine Swine Breeders Association (ASBAP) was established to improve genetic quality and promote breeding practices.
- Between 2003 and 2013, SBFAP achieved genetic improvements, increased market sustainability, and expanded membership.
- Selection methods now include DNA markers to enhance breeding efficiency.
Genetic Change and Body Conformation
- Shifts in body structure observed from foreign breeds in the 1990s improve muscle indicators like groove and dimple.
- Emphasis on structural correctness is essential; proper angling of joints affects overall conformation.
- Ideal frame should preferably be long-bodied and tall to enhance production efficiency.
Condition Scoring Guide
- A system to assess body condition includes scores from emaciated (1) to overfat (5).
- Ideal condition score for sows is between 2.5 - 3.0, while gilts range from 3.0 - 3.5.
- Condition affects productivity; lower scores may impact reproductive efficiency.
Increasing Herd Productivity
- A higher number of gilts should be bred and farrowed, as they play a crucial role in productivity.
- Average farrowing index is 2.25, with the top 10% reaching 2.4 and the bottom 10% at 2.1.
- The fertility of gilts is better if they experience early puberty compared to late responders.
Gilt Management and Breeding Practices
- Breeding records show that 21% of litters are from gilts, maintaining range between 12-33%.
- Growth rate and conformation are prioritized in selection over fertility factors; optimal weights at estrus: 104 kg (slow) to 143 kg (fast).
- Correct feed for gilts includes higher calcium and minerals to support growth.
Breeding Age and Longevity
- No strict age or weight for first breeding; effective management does not lead to reduced longevity or productivity.
- Studies show early breeding does not adversely affect sow longevity in well-managed herds.
Estrus Detection and Fertility Metrics
- 60% of estrus occurs between 4 pm and 6 am; detection timing impacts breeding service schedules.
- Adjusted farrowing rates consider involuntary culls, providing a clearer view of true herd fertility.
- Techniques like skip-a-heat help manage breeding by monitoring estrus cycles effectively.
Production Targets
- Modern sows must meet specific production targets to optimize herd efficiency.
- Continual improvement in breeding practices is essential for sustaining high productivity levels in swine farming.
Conclusion
- Efficiency in breeding herds hinges on meticulous management, precise genetic selection, and proper nutrition.
- Overall herd productivity can be significantly increased by focusing on gilt management, structural correctness, and breeding practices tailored to individual herd needs.
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Description
Test your knowledge on swine accreditation, breeding herd productivity, and the advancements made by the Philippine Swine Breeders Association. Explore key concepts such as genetic change, body conformation, and condition scoring in swine management practices.
