Survival Mentality in Law Enforcement
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Questions and Answers

At approximately what heart rate does one begin to experience a loss of fine motor control?

  • 140 beats per minute
  • 130 beats per minute
  • 100 beats per minute
  • 115 beats per minute (correct)

    • What is the result of vasoconstriction on the body's muscles at around 175 bpm?

  • They become more resistant to fatigue
  • They begin to function independently
  • They become more efficient
  • They stop working (correct)

    • What is the primary sense that is focused on during extreme stress situations?

  • Touch
  • Vision (correct)
  • Hearing
  • Smell

    • According to Dr. Alexis Artwohl's research, what percentage of officers experienced diminished sound during deadly force situations?

    <p>85%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the constriction of the body's blood vessels due to cold temperatures or stress?

    <p>Vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what heart rate do individuals typically begin to lose complex motor control?

    <p>145 bpm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the loss of peripheral vision during high-stress situations?

    <p>Tunnel vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of increased heart rate and vasoconstriction on depth perception?

    <p>Threats appear closer than they are</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Dr. Alexis Artwohl's research, what is the result of intense auditory stimuli in low-light conditions?

    <p>The ears become more sensitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which the brain tunes out sensory input during extreme stress situations?

    <p>Cortical perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the 812 Survival Mentality block of instruction?

    <p>To maximize an officer's potential of surviving and prevailing in life-threatening situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the fear of death or injury that is common to all humans?

    <p>Universal Human Phobia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is responsible for promoting relaxation and reducing stress?

    <p>Parasympathetic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correlation between heart rate and vasoconstriction in a life-threatening situation?

    <p>Increased heart rate leads to vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the phenomenon of experiencing a distortion in sound perception during a deadly force situation?

    <p>Diminished Sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the O-O-D-A Loop developed by Boyd?

    <p>A framework for decision-making in high-stress situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of preparing officers for the physical and psychological demands of a life-threatening situation?

    <p>Stress Inoculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for officers to continue fighting despite being injured or exhausted?

    <p>To increase the chances of winning and surviving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the academy's training program?

    <p>To teach you how to go home at the end of your shift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Universal Human Phobia, according to Lt. Col. Dave Grossman?

    <p>The fear of interpersonal human aggression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) in the body?

    <p>To increase the body's supply of stored energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why the academy focuses on the importance of tactical breathing?

    <p>To reduce stress and anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) being activated during a deadly force encounter?

    <p>A parasympathetic backlash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of understanding the concept of phobias in the context of law enforcement?

    <p>To overcome personal phobias and respond effectively to deadly force situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the academy's training program, according to the presentation?

    <p>To teach officers how to survive and make it back home at the end of their shift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) in the context of law enforcement?

    <p>It regulates the body's response to stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of understanding the human response to stress and trauma in law enforcement?

    <p>It helps officers respond effectively to deadly force situations and overcome personal phobias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea behind the concept of 'going home at the end of your shift'?

    <p>To remind officers that their survival is paramount to their effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 0-0-D-A loop derived from?

    <p>Research on time-based theory of conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of an officer in a deadly force situation?

    <p>To disrupt the opponent's 0-0-D-A loop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'Orient' stage in the 0-0-D-A loop?

    <p>To gather and decipher information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stress inoculation, according to Lt.Col. Dave Grossman?

    <p>Prior success under stressful conditions acclimatizing one to similar situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of continuing to fight in a deadly force situation?

    <p>To keep going until the threat is no longer present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step if an officer is shot in a deadly force situation?

    <p>Do not panic and assess the situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of an officer's training, according to Lt.Col. Dave Grossman?

    <p>To become a 'pre-battle veteran'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the commonality in almost all Medal of Honor citations?

    <p>The recipients were physically damaged, but drove on</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for an officer to control and direct the power of their adrenaline?

    <p>To make rational decisions in a deadly force situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate goal if an officer is shot in a deadly force situation?

    <p>To get medical support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most critical factor in surviving a deadly force situation?

    <p>Will to survive and stop the attacker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate decision maker in determining the use of deadly force?

    <p>The suspect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of accepting the possibility of having to kill someone beforehand?

    <p>Reduced hesitation in responding to a deadly threat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of truly being prepared to kill someone in a deadly force situation?

    <p>Less likelihood of having to use deadly force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the paradox of deadly force situations?

    <p>If you are truly prepared to kill someone, you are less likely to have to do it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of an officer in a deadly force situation?

    <p>To deter and then stop the threat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key to surviving a gunshot wound, according to the text?

    <p>Stopping the attacker from shooting again</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of accepting that you might get hit in a deadly force situation?

    <p>Increased likelihood of survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of deciding whether you can kill someone beforehand?

    <p>It reduces hesitation in responding to a deadly threat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of an officer in a deadly force situation?

    <p>To serve and protect the community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of officers experienced tunnel vision during a deadly force situation?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the sudden visual clarity experienced by officers in shooting situations?

    <p>Heightened visual clarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of officers experienced temporary paralysis during a deadly force situation?

    <p>7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the memory loss experienced by officers during a deadly force situation?

    <p>Critical incident amnesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of officers experienced memory distortions during a deadly force situation?

    <p>22%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the experience of slow motion time during a deadly force situation?

    <p>Slow motion effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of officers experienced dissociation during a deadly force situation?

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of having an officer scan and breathe deeply after a stressful engagement?

    <p>To reduce tunnel vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of officers experienced fast motion time during a deadly force situation?

    <p>16%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of officers experienced memory loss for some of their actions during a deadly force situation?

    <p>47%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason some officers do not experience remorse or nausea after killing in combat?

    <p>They are psychologically prepared to kill and have rationalized the act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the feeling of relief that comes after surviving a deadly force situation?

    <p>Survivor euphoria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of not preparing oneself for the act of killing prior to the event?

    <p>Denial, which can lead to physical and psychological harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mature officers who have done the rationalization and acceptance process ahead of time respond to killing in combat?

    <p>With a healthier response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the set of response stages to taking the life of another?

    <p>Exhilaration, relief, backlash of remorse and nausea, and rationalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for officers to prepare themselves for the act of killing?

    <p>To reduce the risk of psychological harm and improve their response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not preparing oneself for the act of killing prior to the event?

    <p>Denial, which can lead to physical and psychological harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of preparing oneself for the act of killing?

    <p>Reduced risk of psychological harm and improved response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of mature officers who have done the rationalization and acceptance process ahead of time?

    <p>Doing what their society, employers, and peers require them to do</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of telling oneself that killing will be an earthshattering, traumatic event?

    <p>It will be a self-fulfilling prophecy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common reaction of family members when a loved one returns after a near-death experience?

    <p>Heartfelt love and thanks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feeling experienced by returning veterans of combat?

    <p>Survivor guilt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the set of response stages to death, according to Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross?

    <p>Denial, anger, bargaining, and acceptance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a person experience sleep disturbance and nightmares after a traumatic event?

    <p>Because of the trauma they experienced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial aspect of dealing with the aftermath of a traumatic event?

    <p>Mental preparation and understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of understanding the importance of control in a stressful event?

    <p>It helps to maintain rational thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the breathing exercise that helps to control the sympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Tactical breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common reaction to a near-death experience, according to the text?

    <p>Shame and guilt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a person distance themselves from loved ones after a traumatic event?

    <p>Because they are ashamed of themselves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of understanding the reaction of loved ones after a traumatic event?

    <p>It helps to promote healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Survival Mentality

    • The goal of the Survival Mentality block is to maximize an officer's potential to survive and prevail in life-threatening situations.
    • The Universal Human Phobia is the fear of interpersonal human aggression, which must be overcome in order to perform duties as a peace officer.

    Physiological and Psychological Responses

    • The Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) prepares the body for "fight or flight" responses, while the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) promotes relaxation and reduces stress.
    • During stressful events, the heart rate increases, and vasoconstriction occurs, leading to a loss of fine motor control, complex motor control, and vision problems.
    • At higher pulse rates (around 175 bpm), muscles may stop working, and vision problems worsen.

    Perceptual Distortions in Deadly Force Situations

    • Diminished sound (auditory exclusion): 85% of officers experienced diminished sound.
    • Intensified sounds: 65% of officers experienced intensified sounds.
    • Tunnel vision: 80% of officers experienced tunnel vision.
    • Automatic pilot: 74% of officers experienced automatic pilot.
    • Heightened visual clarity: 72% of officers experienced heightened visual clarity.
    • Slow motion time: 65% of officers experienced slow motion time.
    • Temporary paralysis: 7% of officers experienced temporary paralysis.
    • Memory loss for parts of the event: 51% of officers experienced memory loss.
    • Memory loss for some of their actions: 47% of officers experienced memory loss.
    • Dissociation: 40% of officers experienced dissociation.
    • Intrusive distracting thoughts: 26% of officers experienced intrusive distracting thoughts.
    • Memory distortions: 22% of officers experienced memory distortions.
    • Fast motion time: 16% of officers experienced fast motion time.

    Boyd's OODA Loop

    • Observe: becoming aware of the surroundings and environment.
    • Orient: gathering and deciphering information to develop a plan of action.
    • Decide: deciding on a plan of action.
    • Act: completing the plan of action.

    Stress Inoculation and Will to Survive

    • Stress inoculation is the concept of becoming accustomed to stressful situations, promoting future success.

    • Continuing to fight and defend oneself is crucial in deadly force situations.

    • The will to survive is essential, and accepting the possibility of getting wounded can help officers overcome fear and survive.### The Decision to Use Deadly Force

    • The decision to use deadly force is crucial and must be made in advance, not in the heat of the moment

    • It is a difficult decision, but one that requires decisive action to protect oneself or others

    • The decision to use deadly force is not impossible, but it requires mental preparation and acceptance

    The Paradox of Deadly Force

    • The suspect or enemy decides how much force is needed, not the officer
    • If the officer is willing to use deadly force, the suspect is less likely to attack
    • This paradox highlights the importance of mental preparation and acceptance of the possibility of using deadly force

    Responses to Deadly Force Situations

    • There are various responses to deadly force situations, including relief, guilt, and nausea
    • The first response is often relief, followed by guilt and remorse
    • This emotional turmoil can lead to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) if not addressed

    Stages of Response to Taking a Life

    • The stages of response include exhilaration, remorse, and nausea
    • The first stage is often accompanied by feelings of joy and elation (survivor euphoria)
    • The second stage involves guilt and remorse
    • The third stage involves a lifelong process of rationalization and nausea

    Preparation and Acceptance

    • Mental preparation and acceptance of the possibility of using deadly force can reduce the emotional impact
    • Preparation can help reduce the risk of PTSD and other negative responses
    • It is essential to prepare oneself mentally and psychologically for the possibility of using deadly force

    Survivor Guilt and Shame

    • Survivor guilt and shame are common responses to traumatic events
    • It is essential to understand that these feelings are normal and can be addressed through debriefing and support
    • Family members may also experience survivor guilt and shame, which can lead to anger and distance

    Importance of Breathing and Control

    • Breathing exercises can help control the sympathetic nervous system during high-stress events
    • Control is crucial in deadly force situations, and breathing exercises can help achieve this control

    Post-Combat Responses

    • Common post-combat responses include trembling, sweating, chills, nausea, and sleep disturbances
    • These responses are normal and can be addressed through support and debriefing
    • It is essential to understand that these responses are normal and can be managed with the right support

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    Description

    Learn how to maximize your chances of survival in life-threatening situations as a law enforcement officer. This course covers tactical, physiological, and psychological responses to critical encounters.

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