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Questions and Answers
What is arthritis?
What is arthritis?
- An acute or chronic inflammation of a joint (correct)
- An acute or chronic inflammation of a sheath
- An acute or chronic inflammation of a bursa
- An acute or chronic inflammation of a tendon
What is the etiology of hypertrophic arthritis?
What is the etiology of hypertrophic arthritis?
- Traumatic
- Noninfectious (correct)
- Genetic
- Infectious
Which type of bacteria is typically associated with infectious arthritis?
Which type of bacteria is typically associated with infectious arthritis?
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi
- Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Staphylococci, streptococci, gonococci (correct)
- Haemophilus influenzae, Legionella pneumophila
What is the primary difference between tendonitis and tenosynovitis?
What is the primary difference between tendonitis and tenosynovitis?
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What is the primary treatment for bursitis?
What is the primary treatment for bursitis?
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What is the common complication of arthritis?
What is the common complication of arthritis?
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What is the primary location of infectious bursitis?
What is the primary location of infectious bursitis?
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What is the primary treatment for tendonitis?
What is the primary treatment for tendonitis?
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Study Notes
Arthritis
- Acute or chronic inflammation of a joint
- Etiology: infectious or noninfectious
- Noninfectious types: hypertrophic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis
- Hypertrophic arthritis: occurs in weight-bearing joints of older patients, characterized by erosion of articular cartilage
- Rheumatoid arthritis: systemic disease, more common in women, affects connective tissues
- Psoriatic arthritis: observed in cases of psoriasis
- Infectious types: caused by Staphylococci, streptococci, gonococci
- Typically affects knee, hip, and elbow joints
- Clinical signs: pain, redness, swelling, heat, loss of function
- Complications: phlegmon, dislocation, osteomyelitis, chronic infection or inflammation
- Treatment: immobilization, antimicrobial drugs, physiotherapy, evacuation of articular cavity
Bursitis
- Acute or chronic inflammation of a bursa
- Etiology: infectious or noninfectious
- Infectious types: caused by Staphylococci, streptococci
- Locations: prepatellar, suprapatellar, elbow (olecranon)
- Can spread through blood, lymph, or direct infection
- Clinical signs: general signs of inflammation
- Treatment: immobilization, antibiotics, puncture of bursa, surgical treatment (incision and drainage)
Tendonitis and Tenosynovitis
- Tendonitis: inflammation of a tendon
- Tenosynovitis: inflammation of tendons and enveloping sheath
- Causes: infection or trauma
- Traumatic cases: often chronic, e.g. carpal tunnel syndrome
- Clinical signs: pain, loss of function, tendinous crepitus
- Treatment: immobilization, physiotherapy, NSAIDs/antibiotics, possible surgery
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