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Questions and Answers
What does the term 'musculoskeletal' pertain to?
What does the term 'musculoskeletal' pertain to?
muscles and skeleton
What is the branch of medicine involved in the prevention and correction of deformities of the musculoskeletal system?
What is the branch of medicine involved in the prevention and correction of deformities of the musculoskeletal system?
orthopedics
Who specializes in disorders of the bones and associated structures?
Who specializes in disorders of the bones and associated structures?
orthopedist
What is the common name for the clavicle?
What is the common name for the clavicle?
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What is the common name for the cranium?
What is the common name for the cranium?
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What is the common name for the costa?
What is the common name for the costa?
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What is the common name for the scapula?
What is the common name for the scapula?
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What does the term 'sternum' refer to?
What does the term 'sternum' refer to?
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What is the common name for the vertebrae?
What is the common name for the vertebrae?
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What are cervical vertebrae?
What are cervical vertebrae?
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What are lumbar vertebrae?
What are lumbar vertebrae?
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What is the common name for the humerus?
What is the common name for the humerus?
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What does the term 'femur' refer to?
What does the term 'femur' refer to?
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What is the common name for the patella?
What is the common name for the patella?
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What does the term 'calcaneus' refer to?
What does the term 'calcaneus' refer to?
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What does 'osteomalacia' imply?
What does 'osteomalacia' imply?
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What does 'arthritis' refer to?
What does 'arthritis' refer to?
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What is the meaning of 'ten/o'?
What is the meaning of 'ten/o'?
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What does 'myelitis' mean?
What does 'myelitis' mean?
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What is meant by 'spondylitis'?
What is meant by 'spondylitis'?
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Study Notes
Musculoskeletal System
- Musculoskeletal refers to the combined system of muscles and skeleton.
Orthopedics
- A medical specialty focusing on preventing and correcting musculoskeletal system deformities and diseases, particularly of bones, muscles, joints, tendons, and ligaments.
Orthopedist
- A healthcare professional specializing in bone disorders and associated structures across all age groups.
Bone Structure
- Clavicle (collarbone): CF clavicul/o.
- Cranium (skull): CF crani/o.
- Costa (rib): CF cost/o.
- Scapula (shoulder blade): CF scapul/o.
- Sternum (breastbone): CF stern/o.
- Spine: CF rachi/o, spin/o, forms the backbone.
- Vertebrae: CF spondyl/o, vertebr/o, spinal bones of various types (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx).
Major Limbs and Connective Bones
- Humerus: CF humer/o, upper arm bone.
- Radius (forearm): CF radi/o.
- Ulna (forearm): CF uln/o.
- Carpals: CF carp/o, wrist bones.
- Metacarpals: CF metacarp/o, bones forming the hand.
- Phalanges: CF phalang/o, bones of fingers and toes.
- Femur: CF femor/o, thigh bone.
- Patella: CF patell/o, kneecap.
- Fibula and Tibia: CF fibul/o and tibi/o, lower leg bones.
- Tarsals: CF tars/o, ankle bones.
- Calcaneus: CF calcane/o, heel bone.
- Metatarsals: CF metatars/o, foot bones.
Common Conditions and Terms
- Rachiodynia / Rachiagia: pain in the spine.
- Spondylitis: inflammation of a vertebra.
- Intervertebral: located between two adjacent vertebrae.
- Cerebrospinal fluid: clear fluid circulating in the brain and spinal cord.
Anatomy References
- Lumb/o: lower back.
- Lumbago: dull, aching pain in the lower back.
Rib and Joint Relations
- True ribs: first 7 pairs directly attach to the sternum; false ribs: 5 pairs do not.
- Intercostal: situated between the ribs.
- Sternocostal: relation between sternum and ribs.
Joint Types
- Synovial joints: have cavities for movement, contain synovial fluid (e.g., elbow, knee).
- Bursae: fluid-filled sacs reducing friction in joints.
Movement Terms
- Extension: action of straightening a limb.
- Flexion: action of bending a limb.
Tissue Types
- Osteoid: resembling bone.
- Calcification: process of tissue hardening due to calcium deposits.
- Osteomalacia: bone softening due to calcium loss.
- Osteomyelitis: bone inflammation often involving marrow.
- Chondral: pertaining to cartilage and its structures.
Terminology Components
- CF (Combining Form): indicates anatomical or pathological terms' roots.
- Prefixes like "de-" (down) and "meta-" (change or next) can alter meanings.
- Suffix "-sarcoma": indicating a malignant tumor in connective tissue.
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Description
Explore the fascinating details of the musculoskeletal system, including bone structure and the role of orthopedics in preventing and correcting deformities. This quiz covers essential terminology and the major components of bones and limbs essential for students in the field of medicine.
