HARD MODULE 6

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Questions and Answers

What is a key component of successful aging according to Rowe & Kahn?

Minimal engagement in leisure activities

High levels of physical functioning (correct)

Longevity without social interaction

Absence of cognitive challenges

Which factor is NOT emphasized in the theoretical approaches to successful aging?

Loneliness avoidance (correct)

Risk management

Treatment strategies

Prevention strategies

What psychological trait is correlated with a lower risk of mortality according to the Nun Study?

Optimism

Positive affect (correct)

Cautious behavior

Resilience

Which statement reflects the modified social support hypothesis?

Altruism significantly contributes to longevity. Signup and view all the answers

According to research, how does childhood conscientiousness affect longevity?

It correlates with lower mortality risk. Signup and view all the answers

What primary health benefit is associated with positive emotions in later life?

Improved immune function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a dimension encompassed in the successful aging model?

Physical health Signup and view all the answers

What is one counter-theory related to conscientiousness and longevity?

Conscientious individuals attract reciprocity and resources. Signup and view all the answers

Which area is NOT included in the scope of successful aging?

Genetic predisposition Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with cognitive superagers?

Lower stress levels in early life Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of successful aging according to Rowe and Kahn?

Absence of disease and disability Signup and view all the answers

What is one criticism of the traditional view of successful aging?

It fails to acknowledge sociocultural factors. Signup and view all the answers

Which component is emphasized in the concept of active aging as defined by the World Health Organization?

Optimizing opportunities for social support Signup and view all the answers

According to the lifespan diamond model, what aspect contributes to overall well-being as individuals age?

Enriching relational aspects of life Signup and view all the answers

What has research shown about stress levels in older adults compared to younger individuals?

Older adults experience decreased stress and worry. Signup and view all the answers

The paradox of well-being suggests that older adults tend to feel how, despite increased health problems?

More positive and happy Signup and view all the answers

What role do life narratives play in the context of aging?

They can help integrate life experiences into a coherent identity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that promotes successful cognitive aging?

Social isolation Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of successful cognitive aging primarily focused on?

Cognitive performance above the average for one's age group Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary argument of the set point perspective in regards to happiness?

Personality is the main determinant of an individual's level of happiness. Signup and view all the answers

How does the communicative ecology model of successful aging suggest individuals can improve their aging experience?

By remaining optimistic and planning for the future. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the 'Old age style' of creative works according to the characteristics of last works?

A mix of positive expressiveness and feelings of isolation. Signup and view all the answers

Which hypothesis states that scientific productivity tends to peak during early adulthood?

Planck hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

What impact does personality flexibility have on highly creative people as they age?

They set new goals and explore different creative avenues. Signup and view all the answers

The equal odds rule suggests that:

More works produced increases the likelihood of higher quality results. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage more likely are individuals aged 54 and older to report being very happy compared to those aged 18-34?

16% Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT associated with the sociocultural perspective on creativity and aging?

Older adults automatically gain creative skills with age. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of creative older adults in terms of cognitive abilities?

They demonstrate greater cognitive flexibility and openness to experience. Signup and view all the answers

What does the biopsychosocial perspective indicate about biological factors in creativity and aging?

Physical changes and diseases can impact creativity. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Successful Aging

Definition: Absence of disease and disability, high cognitive and physical functioning, and engagement with life.
Importance: Emphasizes maintaining health and well-being in older adults, leading to a higher quality of life.
Evolution: Reflects changing societal views on aging and the capabilities of older adults.
Dimensions: Encompasses physical health, mental health, and social engagement.
Criticisms: Doesn't consider personality, social supports, or social factors.
Superagers: Individuals 80+ years old with memory abilities comparable to those 50-60.

Successful Cognitive Aging

Definition: Cognitive performance above average for one's age group.
Superagers: Characterized by thicker corticles, brain plasticity, enhanced brain connectivity, and faster electrophysiological encoding.

Factors Promoting Successful Aging

Positive Psychology:
- Life satisfaction: Assessment of one's feelings and attitudes about life.
- Subjective well-being: Individual's sense of happiness.
- Paradox of well-being: Older adults maintain high subjective well-being despite facing challenges.
- Social indicator model: Demographic and social variables influence well-being.
- Set point perspective: Personality determines happiness levels.
Age-Friendly Environments: Enable participation in community, treat all ages with respect, facilitate social connections, and support health and activity.
Communicative Ecology Model: How people view, think, and feel about aging impacts successful aging.

Creativity and Aging

Definition: Ability to generate original, appropriate, and impactful products or ideas.
Types of Creativity: Big C (eminent), Little C (everyday), Mini C (self-understanding).
Creative Older Adults: Possess greater cognitive reserve, show higher activation of brain regions involved in cognitive flexibility, and utilize the default network and prefrontal cortex during creative tasks.
Planck Hypothesis: Scientific productivity peaks in early adulthood.
Creative Potential: Total possible works one could create in a lifetime.
Career Age: When individuals begin creating work.
Equal Odds Rule: Individuals creating more works are more likely to produce high-quality ones.
Blind Variation and Selective Retention Theory: True creativity involves producing large numbers of ideas to find the best ones after failures
Old Age Style: Characteristics of older artists' works, often featuring pessimism, isolation, tragic themes, and increased expressiveness.
Biopsychosocial Perspectives:
- Psychological: Flexibility in personality and cognition is crucial.
- Sociocultural: Social and cultural factors influence creative opportunities.
- Biological: Brain region activation and physical changes play a role.

Successful Aging: Final Perspectives

Older individuals can achieve satisfaction and creative expression.
Survival abilities are crucial for successful aging.

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Description

This quiz explores the concepts of successful aging and successful cognitive aging, focusing on definitions, importance, and the characteristics of 'superagers.' It highlights the dimensions and factors that promote health and well-being in older adults. Engage with the evolving perspectives on aging and cognitive performance.