Healthy Aging Samenvatting Maya

Early life experiences, such as prenatal and childhood nutrition, exposure to toxins, and maternal health, significantly influence cognitive capability.

Lifestyle factors such as chronic stress and poor health negatively impact cognitive capabilities in adulthood.

Critical periods, particularly in early childhood, are crucial as they set the foundation for cognitive development that affects health and well-being later in life.

<p>Policies should focus on early childhood interventions, lifelong learning, health maintenance, and social support to enhance cognitive capability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive decline in old age varies based on lifestyle choices, health habits, and social interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main question is whether increases in life expectancy are accompanied by a postponement of functional limitations and disability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>There has been a remarkable gain in life expectancy in western countries and Japan. 2. Life expectancy is increasing almost linearly in most developed countries.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Increased demand for healthcare services. 2. Economic instability due to a smaller working age population.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Successful aging is characterized by high physical and cognitive functioning, as well as active engagement in life. One component is the avoidance of disease and disability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active aging incorporates policies and practices that support individuals in maintaining their health and participation in society as they age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The aging population will increase the demand for healthcare services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proactive lifestyle factors include maintaining health, sustaining mental sharpness, and actively engaging in social activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individual diet significantly affects healthy aging by modulating cognitive and physical health outcomes across different life stages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to increased pension costs and a higher dependency ratio, causing economic instability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Socioeconomic conditions can affect the availability and affordability of food, influencing dietary options and preferences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fetal origins hypothesis suggests that maternal nutrition during pregnancy can significantly influence fetal growth and future health outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breastfeeding has been found to have positive effects on cognitive development and long-term health outcomes, reducing risks like obesity and diabetes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Major life events, such as depression or aging, can alter food preferences and overall food intake, impacting nutritional health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The leveling off is influenced by laggards catching up and leapers falling behind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is considered outdated because it does not adequately address the ability to adapt and manage chronic illnesses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The term 'complete' unintentionally contributes to the medicalization of society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Allostasis' refers to the maintenance of physiological homeostasis through adapting to changing circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The proposed redefinition emphasizes 'the ability to adapt and to self-manage' rather than a static state of health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limitations affect how outcome measures are determined for prevention programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mental health involves a 'sense of coherence' that aids in making sense of and managing difficult situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measuring health is important for management, policies, and supporting doctor-patient communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical capabilities are essential for performing activities of daily living, as they determine the ability to undertake necessary daily tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Factors include reductions in muscle mass, neurological decline, hormonal changes, and poorer health behaviors over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Engaging in continuous physical activity throughout life leads to better physical functioning, while smoking has cumulative detrimental effects on respiratory and cardiovascular systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common measurements include grip strength, chair rise time, standing balance, and walking speed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic factors can explain about 65% of the variation in physical functioning among older adults, impacting their physical capabilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher body mass density (BMD) and prolonged obesity negatively affect physical capabilities, contributing to mobility issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immobility and fear of falling lead many older adults to avoid leaving their homes, which negatively impacts their physical and psychological well-being.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sudden increase in exercise may not be beneficial and can lead to increased risk of injury or adverse health effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We need to adopt a more positive view of aging and focus on increasing disability-free life years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There has been a decline in late-life disability due to improvements in healthcare.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps to better understand the biological processes and social inequalities affecting health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One key element is understanding social inequalities in health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recent focus emphasizes commonalities across disciplines rather than their distinctive features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It investigates pathways linking biological, behavioral, and social exposures to health changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The expected increase in health and welfare expenditures for the aging population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows for a comprehensive understanding of health from best to worst conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers