Healthy Aging Samenvatting Maya

Mental abilities like memory, reasoning, and problem-solving that affect health, well-being, and aging.

A perspective that views cognitive development as influenced by factors across the lifespan, from birth to old age.

Early childhood experiences, including nutrition, exposure to toxins, and education, have a significant impact on cognitive development.

Factors like chronic stress, poor health, and unhealthy lifestyle choices can negatively affect cognitive capabilities in adulthood.

Policies should focus on early childhood interventions and promote lifelong learning, healthy habits, and social support to enhance cognitive well-being.

The process of living longer and healthier, often associated with preventing diseases and maintaining physical and cognitive function.

A study focusing on the relationship between increased life expectancy and the postponement of functional limitations and disabilities.

The global increase in the proportion of older people due to longer lifespans and lower birth rates.

Challenges faced by societies due to an increasing older population, including healthcare demand, economic impacts, and the need for new policies.

A model of aging focusing not just on the absence of disease but also on high physical and cognitive function, active engagement in life.

Maintaining health to prevent or delay the limitations associated with illness.

The policy response in Europe to address challenges related to an aging population, emphasizing active participation in society.

The idea that active aging differs from successful aging by focusing on active participation in society and addressing societal challenges.

The apparent leveling off of life expectancy in certain countries is not a true plateau but an illusion caused by less developed countries catching up in life expectancy while more developed countries experience a slowdown in life expectancy increases.

If life expectancy were nearing its maximum, then the rate of increase in the highest recorded life expectancy would be slowing down. This suggests that life expectancy is not yet close to its maximum potential.

The WHO definition of health, emphasizing complete physical, mental, and social well-being, has been criticized for its idealist nature. It's argued that this definition inadvertently promotes medicalization and increased screenings and interventions even when not always necessary.

The definition of health is crucial for shaping health policies and prevention programs. It affects the way outcomes are measured and assessed.

This is a proposed framework for a new definition of health, emphasizing the body's ability to adapt and manage challenges effectively.

This refers to the body's ability to maintain stability through changing circumstances, a key aspect of physical health within the new definition.

This refers to a sense of understanding, control, and meaningfulness in difficult situations, a key aspect of mental health within the new definition.

This refers to the ability to fulfill potential and responsibilities, and engage in social activities, a key aspect of social health within the new definition.

A framework that examines the impact of events, experiences, and exposures across a person's lifespan on their health and well-being in later life.

The study of how aging affects the body and its systems on a molecular and cellular level. This involves investigating the mechanisms of aging and how they impact disease risk and overall health.

The differences in health outcomes and access to healthcare based on social factors like income, education, and race.

This approach considers the full range of health experiences, from optimal health to severe illness, in older age.

The study of how social and psychological factors, such as relationships, stress, and lifestyle choices, influence aging and health.

Analyzing multiple groups of people from different age cohorts to improve the reliability and generalizability of research findings on aging.

The increased life expectancy of populations, particularly the baby boomer generation, has led to concerns about the rising costs of health and social care for older adults.

This approach emphasizes the shared aspects of different research disciplines when studying aging, using the life course perspective as a unifying framework.

The concept that nutritional patterns during early life, particularly the prenatal period, can influence health outcomes later in life. This includes factors like the mother's nutrition and breastfeeding, which can have lasting effects on the child's physical and cognitive development.

A set of external factors that can significantly influence dietary choices throughout different stages of life.

The idea that factors like socioeconomic status, access to healthy food, and cultural norms can influence dietary choices - and ultimately health outcomes. These factors often vary across someone's life.

The impact that the environment where someone lives can have on their health, especially during vulnerable life stages like childhood and older age. This includes factors like access to healthcare, healthy food options, and safe spaces.

A range of health problems that can develop in later life, often linked to early life factors like nutritional deficiencies or excessive weight gain. Examples include diabetes, heart disease, and cognitive decline.

The ability to perform everyday physical tasks, such as walking, bathing, and dressing. It is a key indicator of healthy aging and is highly valued by older adults.

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) are basic self-care tasks like eating, dressing, and bathing. Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) involve more complex tasks like managing finances, shopping, and using transportation.

Physical capabilities are a strong indicator of future health and longevity. Individuals with better physical functioning have a lower risk of death.

A decline in physical capabilities over time is a natural part of aging. This decline is influenced by various factors, including reduced muscle mass, changes in the musculoskeletal system, and deterioration in cardiovascular and neurological function.

Genetics play a role in physical capabilities, but lifestyle choices and past experiences have a significant impact. For example, regular exercise throughout life contributes to better physical functioning in older age.

Excessive weight, especially prolonged periods of obesity, can negatively affect physical capabilities. Conversely, being underweight or malnourished in childhood can also lead to weaker physical abilities later in life.

Smoking has detrimental effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, contributing to decreased physical capabilities as early as age 53. This highlights the importance of early interventions and healthy habits.

Maintaining physical activity throughout life, even with moderate increases in exercise later in life, can improve overall physical capabilities and contribute to a healthier aging process.