Study Techniques for Weeks 9-11 Content

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Questions and Answers

Which age group is primarily affected by Scheuermann's disease?

Adults aged 30-50

Adolescents (correct)

Elderly persons over 65

Infants under 1 year

What are the major symptoms of Genu Valgum?

High arch in foot

Lax medial collateral ligaments (correct)

Pain in the lower back

Leg length discrepancy

Which condition is associated with rib humping?

Scoliosis (correct)

Genu Varum

Scheuermann's disease

Osteoporosis

What is a primary cause of Genu Varum in infants?

Normal developmental posture Signup and view all the answers

What massage consideration should be made for a client with Scoliosis?

Address short/hypertonic muscles on the concave side Signup and view all the answers

Which age can an infant typically begin exhibiting signs of Genu Valgum?

Around 3.5 years Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic is most commonly affected by structural scoliosis?

Females during adolescence Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the causes of uneven shoulders in scoliosis patients?

Congenital deformities Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary etiology associated with osteopenia?

High acidity in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of insufficient blood flow related to bone health?

Spread of skin infection to bone Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is described by the term 'Wryneck'?

Spasm of neck muscles with inability to turn head Signup and view all the answers

What is a major symptom of osteoporosis?

Asymptomatic until a fracture occurs Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when treating a patient with acute osteomyelitis?

Performing massage therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is a known symptom of chronic osteomyelitis?

Long-term deformity of bone Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following therapies is considered when managing osteopenia?

Weight-bearing exercise Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Legge-Calve-Perthe disease, what might be a contributing factor?

Acute trauma or malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is associated with osteoporosis?

Imbalance between resorption and formation Signup and view all the answers

What is a major symptom associated with acute osteomyelitis?

Fever and weakness Signup and view all the answers

In which condition might patients exhibit symptoms like vertebral collapse and dowager's hump?

Osteoporosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of congenital torticollis?

Neck tilt to one side Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment should be considered after the infection in osteomyelitis has resolved?

Gentle supportive movements Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate action when managing a patient with Legge-Calve-Perthe?

Monitor for signs of dislocation and fracture risk Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can contribute to the development of osteoporosis?

Vitamin D deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical consideration when applying corticosteroids for treatment?

They can worsen circulation issues Signup and view all the answers

What primarily characterizes compensatory symptoms affecting the femoral head?

Limited abduction and disturbed growth pattern Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of Osgood-Schlatter disease in athletic adolescents?

Swelling or thickening of the patellar tendon Signup and view all the answers

What factor is most associated with developmental dysplasia of the hip?

Hereditary factors or mechanical issues Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following indicates that early intervention is critical in developmental dysplasia of the hip?

Risk of avascular necrosis of the femoral head Signup and view all the answers

Which is a common finding when observing the hip in cases of developmental dysplasia?

Asymmetry of the hip and gluteal folds Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bracing or harnessing in the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip?

It promotes correct positioning and stabilization of the hip. Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical prenatal factor leading to developmental dysplasia of the hip?

Breech delivery position of the fetus Signup and view all the answers

What signs might indicate a potential issue with the patellar tendon in adolescents?

Pain in front of the knee and during athletic activities Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of genetic and environmental influences on bone health?

Decreased bone resorption Signup and view all the answers

What common condition is often seen in individuals over 40 in northern European populations related to bone health?

Osteogenic sarcoma Signup and view all the answers

What type of muscle fibers are primarily engaged when using crutches, which can lead to rapid fatigue?

Type 2 muscle fibers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following feelings is often coupled with chronic fatigue in individuals?

Anxiety and depression Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested focus for physical therapy in individuals with bone weaknesses?

Strengthening and pain reduction Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk factor for osteoporotic fractures in menopausal women?

Small frame Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following deficiencies is noted as a major contributor to osteomalacia?

Calcium insufficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is one recommended strategy for clients at risk of fractures during massage therapy?

Take safety measures Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom associated with osteomalacia?

Muscle weakness Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to a deficiency in vitamin D absorption?

GI disease Signup and view all the answers

What type of fractures are often associated with osteomalacia due to poor healing?

Stress fractures Signup and view all the answers

What therapy is suggested to help address deep pain and muscle weakness associated with osteomalacia?

Massage therapy Signup and view all the answers

Estrogen deficiency can lead to which of the following effects on bone health?

Decreased calcium absorption Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Assignment Description

The assignment focuses on improving student study techniques
Students create charts/templates on weeks 9-11 content
Students connect massage considerations for each condition
A usable study guide is developed to improve academic performance
Sources from the internet and the textbook can be used
Porth is the primary course material
Rattray, Moore and Magee texts are also valuable
Submission due Friday November 22nd by 11:59 PM
Dropbox in Evaluations Module
Assignment is worth 51 marks (10% of overall grade)

Assignment Questions

Complete charts on bone pathology, developmental disorders, and metabolic diseases
Bullet points are acceptable, but responses must be thorough
Massage considerations are essential for each condition
Referencing is required

Bone Pathology

Pathology: Osteonecrosis
Primary Etiology: Interruption of blood supply to bone marrow (ischemia) from trauma, fractures, thrombosis, embolisms, sickle cell disease or idiopathic, or corticosteroid administration
Major Symptoms: Bone death, pain even at rest, limited range of motion (ROM)
Massage Considerations: Often treated by massage after medical interventions like surgery. Avoid treating until cleared by doctors. Treat associated pathologies if the area is immobilized; consider surrounding structures.

Developmental Disorders

Pathology: Legg-Calve-Perthe
Primary Etiology: Unknown cause, possible acute trauma or malnutrition affecting the femoral head and avascular necrosis. primarily affects white males 3-12 years old. Overuse during development is a factor.
Major Symptoms: Pain in the thigh and knee, trouble walking, limited abduction, internal rotation. Disturbed growth patterns, creating a broad and short femoral neck
Massage Considerations: Massage can help with compensatory symptoms like posture and gait issues. Focus on decreasing tone in quads where needed.
Pathology: Osgood-Schlatter
Primary Etiology: Overuse during development, strain on the patellar tendon for athletic adolescents, Affects the epiphyseal center
Major Symptoms: Enlarged tibial tuberosity, pain in front of knee, pain during activity and swelling/thickening of the patellar tendon
Massage Considerations: Focus on decreasing tone in quads to address inflammation.
Pathology: Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Primary Etiology: Hereditary, environmental, or mechanical factors. Breech delivery
Major Symptoms: Asymmetry of the hip and gluteal folds, limited abduction, shortening of the thigh
Massage Considerations: Early intervention is key. Focus on compensatory symptoms. Consider possible secondary conditions.
Pathology: Scoliosis
Primary Etiology: Congenital, hemi/wedge vertebra, uneven limb length, neuromuscular conditions, or diseases of nerves or muscles that affect females more commonly, affects thoracic area
Major Symptoms: Pain from secondary structure compressions, rib humping, uneven shoulders, one hip higher than the other
**Massage Considerations:**Address secondary structure compressions, help restore joint play, and be mindful of any underlying conditions

Metabolic Diseases

Pathology: Osteopenia
Primary Etiology: Can be due to other conditions (anorexia or other pathologies). It can occur with anorexia or high acidity in the blood.
Major Symptoms: Decreased bone mass, bone deformation, inadequate remineralization, deossification
Massage Considerations: Address underlying pathology. Physical therapy to improve bone mass and density (weight bearing exercises).
Pathology: Osteoporosis
Primary Etiology: Bone resorption and formation imbalance, resulting in bone loss. Often associated with aging, mineral deficiencies (calcium, vitamin D) and gastrointestinal issues
Major Symptoms: Susceptibility to fractures, vertebral collapse, dowager's hump, deep bony pain
Massage Considerations: Weight training to help with bone density, routine screening to identify risk, and address associated conditions like falls to minimize risks.
Pathology: Osteomalacia
Primary Etiology: Insufficient calcium or vitamin D, digestive issues, liver or kidney problems that disrupt absorption, steroid use, or chronic diseases like IBD, malabsorption, chronic diarrhea.
Major Symptoms: Bone pain, muscle weakness, fractures with poor healing, hyperparathyroidism
Massage Considerations: Address underlying pathologies, focus on pain reduction, be mindful of potential underlying chronic problems.
Pathology: Rickets
Primary Etiology: Deficiency of calcium and vitamin D, lack of proper nutrition during childhood, impacting bone health.
Major Symptoms: Less long bone growth, hypertrophy of the epiphyseal cartilage, delayed or diminished ossification, enlarged soft skull, lumbar lordosis
Massage Considerations: Address underlying issues around deficiency to address underlying issues directly.

Additional Information

Tables present question numbers and maximum points for each section (Bone Pathology, Developmental Disorders, and Metabolic Diseases).

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Description

This assignment aims to enhance student study techniques through the creation of charts and templates focusing on bone pathology, developmental disorders, and metabolic diseases. Students will develop a usable study guide that incorporates massage considerations for each condition, utilizing Porth's primary material along with valuable texts from Rattray, Moore, and Magee.