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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of genocide?

  • The promotion of equal rights for all ethnicities
  • The systematic discrimination and killing of specific groups (correct)
  • The forced assimilation of minority cultures
  • The establishment of multiple distinct cultures within a society
  • Which event is a prominent example of genocide during WWII?

  • The Civil Rights Movement
  • The Holocaust (correct)
  • The Rwandan Genocide
  • The Armenian Massacre
  • What was a significant factor leading to the Rwandan Genocide in 1994?

  • Propaganda encouraging Hutus to kill Tutsi members (correct)
  • International intervention
  • Conflict between different political parties
  • Economic prosperity leading to unity
  • What is the definition of ethnic cleansing?

    <p>The systematic removal of one ethnic group from a specific area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is personal discrimination primarily characterized?

    <p>Subtle acts of prejudice against individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best defines systemic racism?

    <p>Historical and long-term discrimination rooted in societal structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the rejection of minority cultural identity in favor of mainstream culture?

    <p>Assimilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sexism encompass in societal relations?

    <p>Discrimination based on gender or sex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of social psychology?

    <p>Individuals within their social and cultural setting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key ethical principle outlined by the American Sociological Association (ASA)?

    <p>Ensure financial gain for researchers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sociologist is known for exploring the functions of social structures within society?

    <p>Emile Durkheim (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines a society?

    <p>A large grouping of individuals sharing a geographical territory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the sociological approach primarily rely on?

    <p>Key concepts, terms, and research techniques (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following concepts does NOT pertain to socialization?

    <p>Identifying political affiliations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following social issues relates to socio-economic disparities?

    <p>Poverty (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The study of structures and institutions in society is best exemplified by which concept?

    <p>Structural functionalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory suggests that criminal behavior can stem from early experiences and rewards for deviant behavior?

    <p>Psychological Theories (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of motivational sociological theories?

    <p>The pursuit of goals despite lack of means (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of sociological theories focuses on the absence of social control leading to deviance?

    <p>Control Theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Sutherland's learning theory imply about deviant behavior?

    <p>It is learned through interactions with others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common criticism of the motivational theory of deviance?

    <p>It emphasizes societal structure over personal agency. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of biological theories of deviance is emphasized today?

    <p>Genetic factors and brain function may influence deviance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which theory is it suggested that individuals learn deviant behavior by mimicking the actions of those around them?

    <p>Learning Theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do psychological theories of deviance differ from sociological theories?

    <p>Psychological theories emphasize early life experiences over social influences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Genocide

    The most extreme form of systemic discrimination where entire groups of people are targeted for exile or killing, often during times of war.

    The Holocaust

    The systematic and deliberate murder of Jewish people by Nazi Germany during World War II. It involved inhuman treatment, mass killings, and a chilling indifference to human life.

    Ethnic cleansing

    When one ethnic group systematically removes another group from an area. It often involves propaganda and the creation of stereotypes, leading to dehumanization and scapegoating.

    Personal discrimination

    When an individual with prejudice acts to discriminate against someone, often in violation of laws. It can take many subtle forms and is harder to eliminate.

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    Assimilation

    A situation where a minority group is pressured to abandon their cultural background and assimilate into the mainstream culture. This can be seen in examples like Indigenous residential schools.

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    Multiculturalism

    The support for the presence of diverse cultural and ethnic groups within a society, recognizing and appreciating their unique identities.

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    Harassment

    A form of personal discrimination that involves verbal or physical attacks, bullying, and other forms of harassment.

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    Racism

    Discrimination or prejudice against a person based on their race or ethnicity, often rooted in the belief that one race is superior to others. It can be seen in examples like white supremacy.

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    Society

    A large group of individuals who live in the same place, are under the same government, and share similar cultural values.

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    Social Psychology

    The study of how individuals act and interact within their social groups and cultures.

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    Sociology

    The systematic study of social structures and processes.

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    Social Institutions

    Established patterns of social behavior that are organized around a shared purpose.

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    Socialization

    The process by which individuals learn the norms, values, and beliefs of their society.

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    Social Research Ethics

    A set of guidelines for ethical conduct in sociological research.

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    Functionalism

    The belief that all social structures and institutions serve a specific purpose for the well-being of society as a whole.

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    Conflict Theory

    The idea that social structures and institutions are created and maintained through the power dynamics and conflicts between different social groups.

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    Learning Theory of Deviance

    This theory suggests that deviant behavior is learned through interactions with others, similar to how we learn acceptable behavior. It emphasizes the influence of social groups and their norms on shaping individual behavior.

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    Motivational Theory of Deviance

    This theory proposes that people turn to deviant behavior when they are encouraged to achieve societal goals but lack the legitimate means to do so.

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    Control Theory of Deviance

    This theory argues that deviant behavior arises from a lack of social control. If the rewards for deviant behavior outweigh the potential punishment, individuals are more likely to engage in it.

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    Sociological Theories of Deviance

    This theory suggests that deviant behavior is a learned response to the environment, influenced by factors like social structures, cultural norms, and individual experiences.

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    Biological Theory of Deviance (Early)

    This early theory attempted to identify criminals based on physical characteristics and specific skull features.

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    Biological Theory of Deviance (Modern)

    This theory explores the role of brain function and genetics in explaining deviant behavior. It suggests that some forms of deviance may be linked to biological factors.

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    Psychological Theory of Deviance

    This theory focuses on early childhood experiences and psychological problems to understand deviant behavior. It argues that aggression, learned behavior, and mental health issues can contribute to deviance.

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    Sociological Theories of Deviance

    This branch of sociological theories focuses on the influence of social structures, cultural norms, and individual experiences in shaping deviant behavior. It suggests that deviance is a learned response to the environment.

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