STS Week 1: Historical Antecedents

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Questions and Answers

Which food product is made from bananas?

Fruit Preserves

Pineapple Jam

Soy Sauce

Banana Ketchup (correct)

Who is credited as the Father of Videoconferencing?

Thomasites

Institute of Science

National Science Board

Gregorio Zara (correct)

What was one of Gregorio Zara's inventions?

Alcohol-fueled Airplane Engine (correct)

Solar-powered Generator

Hydroponic Farming System

First Electric Car

What does the 'Zara Effect' refer to?

Law of Electrical Kinetic Resistance Signup and view all the answers

What organization was established to support scientific development in the Philippines in 1987?

Department of Science & Technology Signup and view all the answers

Who invented the first writing system?

The Sumerians Signup and view all the answers

What invention is referred to as the first rudimentary steam engine?

The water container Signup and view all the answers

Which writing system used symbols and was well-preserved on pyramid walls?

Hieroglyphics Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant feature of the heavy plough?

It turned the soil upside down Signup and view all the answers

What was papyrus made from?

A plant that grew along the Nile Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with creating a more efficient method of printing?

Johann Gutenberg Signup and view all the answers

What innovation facilitated animal traction and irrigation in agriculture?

The ancient wheel Signup and view all the answers

What historical period is marked by massive invasions and migrations, along with prevalent wars?

The Middle Ages Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the first compound microscope?

Zacharias Janssen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a telescope?

Viewing distant objects Signup and view all the answers

Which invention marked the beginning of powered flights?

Engine powered airplane Signup and view all the answers

What was significant about Jiaozi in the 17th century?

It was the first paper money Signup and view all the answers

Who is associated with the invention of the mechanical clock?

Chinese Alchemist Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of ‘Manomnoman’ in ancient Filipino society?

A time-keeper Signup and view all the answers

Which of these was NOT an invention mentioned for the Modern Age?

War weapon and gun powder Signup and view all the answers

What did the advancements in engineering during pre-colonial times in the Philippines include?

The construction of Banaue rice terraces Signup and view all the answers

What does the Copernican Theory propose?

The Sun is the center of the solar system. Signup and view all the answers

What concept did Newtonian Physics introduce regarding object motion?

Objects have inertia and move without external force. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of Darwinian Theory?

Natural selection drives the evolution of species. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Copernican Revolution challenge previous beliefs?

By introducing telescopic evidence against geocentrism. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Model Crisis' refer to in the context of scientific theories?

The buildup of results that cannot be explained by current models. Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of a 'Model Revolution'?

Proposal of completely new theoretical frameworks. Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a tenet of Creationism?

Living things evolved from earlier forms. Signup and view all the answers

What concept is central to Mendelian Genetics?

Inheritance of characteristics from parents. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes normal science?

Working on an established dominant theory Signup and view all the answers

What best describes model drift?

Recognition that something doesn’t fit but is not problematic Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of a system?

Final outcomes Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized in systems thinking?

Big picture thinking and holistic understanding Signup and view all the answers

Who is recognized as the Father of Modern Ophthalmology in the Philippines?

Germiniano de Ocampo Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Cobra Effect, what was the intended purpose behind offering a bounty for dead cobras?

To effectively reduce the cobra population Signup and view all the answers

Which approach explains events through causal chains?

Event oriented thinking Signup and view all the answers

What major contribution did Luz Oliveros - Belardo make to the field of medicine?

Discovered potassium citrate's benefits Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the three main components of a system?

Purpose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about RA 7687 is true?

It aims to support science and technology scholars in the Philippines. Signup and view all the answers

The feedback mechanism in a system primarily refers to:

Circular processes influencing system elements Signup and view all the answers

What innovative device did Dr. Fe Del Mundo create for pediatric care?

Bamboo incubator Signup and view all the answers

Which institution was the first eye hospital established in the Philippines?

De Ocampo Eye Hospital Signup and view all the answers

What does the Science & Technology Agenda for National Development (STAND) encompass?

Coconut industry development and domestic needs Signup and view all the answers

What significant health attributes are associated with the research of Luz Oliveros - Belardo?

Anti-cancer properties of periwinkle Signup and view all the answers

What is a paradigm shift in scientific context?

A significant alteration in standards of understanding Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Science, Technology, and Society (STS) - Week 1 Historical Antecedents

STS Definition: Examines the impact of science and technology on culture, politics, and economy. It explores how these fields contribute to knowledge and societal progress.
Historical Developments: Highlights key periods and inventions throughout history, including ancient and middle periods.
Ancient Period (3000 BC - AD 500): Early advancements in technology, communication, transportation, record-keeping, architecture, and safety measures shaped civilizations during this era.
- Cuneiform: A writing system using wedge-shaped marks, developed by Sumerians.
- Ancient Wheel (Sumerians): Used for carts, chariots, pottery, and agriculture.
- Hieroglyphics (Egyptians): Symbolic writing system used in ancient Egypt.
- Papyrus (Egyptians): Paper-like material made from plants, used for writing.
Middle Period (476 AD onwards): Marked by significant innovations, including the printing press and the heavy plow.
- Printing Press (Johann Gutenberg): A more efficient method of printing.
- Heavy Plow: A tool that drastically improved soil preparation and crop yields.
Inventions and Innovations: Details several significant inventions:
- Watermills: Widely used in agriculture.
- Newspapers: One of the most important tools for the dissemination of information.
- Shadoof: Ancient Egyptian device used for lifting water.
- Antikythera Mechanism: An early tool used to predict astronomical events for calendars and astrological purposes.
- Aeolipile: An early steam turbine.

Science, Technology, and Society (STS) - Week 2 Pre-Colonial Period

Healing Practices in Pre-Colonial Philippines: Discusses how pre-colonial Filipinos approached healing through medicinal plants and traditional rituals.
Timekeeping in Pre-Colonial Philippines: Explains how Filipinos managed timekeeping, noting observations of celestial events and practices of cultures like Ifugaos.
Ancient Filipino Society: Highlights different disciplines and activities in ancient Filipino culture, such as farming, weaving, and engineering.
Key Technologies: Emphasizes the pre-colonial use of balangays and karakoas, important shipbuilding techniques.

Science, Technology, and Society (STS) - Week 3 American & Post-Commonwealth Era

American Occupation Era: Focuses on the introduction of schools, science institutions, and the science and technology agenda.
- Thomasites: First public school teachers.
- Bureau of Science :Established institutions for scientific research.
- National Science Board: Facilitated scientific development.
Post-Commonwealth Era: Covers advancements in technology, like the rise of science and technology agendas.
- Science & Technology Agenda for National Development(STAND): The science and technology agenda to guide national development initiatives.
- Laws & Policies: Outlines relevant laws and policies related to science and technology, such as RA 8439 (Magna Carta For Scientists) and RA 7687 (Science Scholarship).
- Filipino Contributions to Science & Technology: Highligts notable Filipino scientists and their contributions.
- Dr. Fe Del Mundo: A renowned pediatrician and a pioneer in medical science.
- Maria Orosa: A prominent chemist and pharmacist .

Science, Technology, and Society (STS) - Week 4 Paradigm Shifts

Paradigm Shifts and Scientific Revolution: Explains how paradigm shifts led to significant changes in scientific thought.
- Paradigm Crisis: Occurs when unexplainable results arise that cannot be resolved by existing models (science).
- Model Revolution: Proposing new theories to explain these phenomena.
- Paradigm Change: When scientific theories are replaced with new ones, leading to complete paradigm shift in scientific thought.
Paradigm Shifts in Current Time: Provides examples of how paradigms shift in modern contexts, such as using technology to interact with society and the adoption of e-commerce over traditional retail.

Science, Technology, and Society (STS) - Week 5 Systems Thinking

Components of a System: Outlines the key elements of a system, including elements, interconnections, and purpose.
Feedback Mechanisms: Details how feedback loops influence the behavior of a system.
Event-oriented Thinking: Describes the way in which events are connected in a system.
Systems Thinking: Focuses on a holistic view of a system, addressing issues and problems in that system from different aspects.
Examples of Systems Thinking: Uses scenarios to illustrate systems thinking concepts, including Cobra Effect and Behavior over Time graphs.
Causal Loop Diagrams: Provides diagrams illustrating causal relationships within systems.

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Description

Explore the historical antecedents of Science, Technology, and Society in this Week 1 quiz. Delve into the ancient and middle periods, highlighting significant advancements, inventions, and their impacts on civilizations. From cuneiform to the printing press, understand how these innovations shaped societal progress.