Scieteso

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Questions and Answers

What defines science as a body of knowledge?

Knowledge that is widely accepted without questioning

Knowledge that is based solely on theoretical assumptions

Knowledge acquired through technological applications

Knowledge gained through observation and experimentation (correct)

How is technology related to scientific knowledge?

It is a random application of scientific theories

It rejects scientific concepts for practical applications

It only focuses on theoretical advancements

It applies scientific knowledge for practical purposes (correct)

What is the primary role of society in the context of technology and science?

To serve as a community of people with shared goals (correct)

To create a community of individuals without common interests

To evaluate technology without social implications

To limit technological advancements and scientific research

What impact does the state of science and technology have on a country?

It determines the socio-economic progress of the country Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor linking national progress to industrial production?

The capacity to produce local industrial goods for domestic needs Signup and view all the answers

What major historical event occurred in the nineteenth century?

The Industrial Revolution Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon occurred in the twentieth century that impacted urban development?

The birth of suburbs Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the study of Science, Technology, and Society?

How social, political, and cultural values affect science and technology Signup and view all the answers

What evidence shows that technology was advanced during the pre-colonial period in the Philippines?

Creation of various tools for fighting and transportation Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributed significantly to the modernization of life during the Spanish colonial period?

The introduction of Western technology and scientific institutions Signup and view all the answers

What type of tools and technologies were predominantly developed during the Metal Age?

Sophisticated designs of metal tools and jewelry Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a direct impact of Spanish colonization on engineering in the Philippines?

Construction of government buildings, roads, and bridges Signup and view all the answers

How did trading with nearby countries influence technology during the pre-colonial period?

It facilitated cultural exchange and technological advancement. Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributes to the low ranking of the Philippines in technological capacity?

Inadequate national resources devoted to R&D Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the minimal number of patents granted in the Philippines?

Little or no economic significance in R&D Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major contributor to the challenges in the Philippine science and technology sector?

Shortage of scientists and engineers in R&D Signup and view all the answers

How does the current state of science and technology affect rural industrialization in the Philippines?

It has had no impact on rural industrialization Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of the public education system established during American colonization?

Nature studies and science Signup and view all the answers

What area is notably lacking in technological development according to the current state of science and technology in the Philippines?

Agricultural innovation Signup and view all the answers

Which Bureau was established to replace Laboratorio Municipal during the American period?

Bureau of Government Laboratories Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason that government-supported science agencies have failed to meet the needs of the Filipino people?

Neglect of basic industrial development Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the lack of adequate research facilities affect the Philippines' technological growth?

It hampers research and development initiatives Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best reflects the scientific focus during the American period in the Philippines?

Scientific efforts were primarily centered on agriculture and food processing. Signup and view all the answers

What is one common misperception regarding the impact of science and technology in the Philippines?

It has little effect on agriculture and rural communities Signup and view all the answers

What major challenge did scientific research face during the American period?

A lack of support for experimental work Signup and view all the answers

What impact did World War II have on scientific development in the Philippines?

Destabilization and destruction of institutions Signup and view all the answers

What was the Technology Index score of the Philippines compared to the United States in 1982?

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

Which institution was established in 1933 to focus on research in the Philippines?

National Research Council of the Philippines Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main reasons the development of industrial technology was neglected during the American period?

Free trade policies with the United States Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Science

Systematized body of knowledge.
Gained through observation and experimentation.

Technology

Application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.

Society

Community of people with shared goals.

Science, Technology, and Society (STS)

Studies the interplay between social, political, and cultural values and scientific research/technological innovations.
Examines how these factors influence each other.

National Progress and Industrialization

A nation's socio-economic progress is linked to its science and technology.
Capacity to produce local goods for domestic needs is crucial for national progress.

Historical Context

The 19th century saw the Industrial Revolution.
The 20th century saw the rise of suburbs.

Pre-Colonial Technology in the Philippines

Sophisticated engineering evident in structures like the Banaue Rice Terraces.
Development of houses, irrigation systems, musical instruments, and tools for warfare and transportation.
Flourishing handicrafts, pottery, weaving, metalwork, and boat-building.
The Metal Age saw sophisticated designs in gold and silver jewelry, ceramics, and metal tools.
Trade with China, Japan, Indonesia, and other countries facilitated technological and cultural exchange.

Spanish Colonial Period

Modernization through the adoption of Western technology.
Introduction of formal education and scientific institutions.
Establishment of the concept of scientific disciplines.
Beginning of formal science and technology education (School of Science and Technology).
Science focused on understanding the human body, plants, animals, and celestial bodies.
Technology focused on developing household tools; advanced science and medicine introduced in universities (UST).
The Philippines became a major center of global trade in Southeast Asia.
The Spanish contributed to engineering by constructing government buildings, churches, roads, bridges, and forts.

Science and Technology in the Philippines: Current State

Low ranking in technological capacity.
Shortage of scientists and engineers involved in research and development (R&D).
Inadequate national resources and budget for R&D.
Limited number of personnel and research facilities.
Lack of government support for science education.
Minimal patents granted, indicating limited economic significance.
Science and technology agencies fail to meet the needs of the Filipino population.
Little contribution to agriculture, the main mode of production for 75% of the population.
Insufficient support for rural industrialization, which is essential for the 85% of the population living in the countryside.
Lack of development in basic industries (paper, cement, steel).
Inefficient infrastructure, energy generation, transportation, communication, information technology, and basic services.

American Colonial Period

Establishment of a public education system with a focus on nature studies, science, and sanitation.
Science became a formal subject in schools.
Improved engineering works and public health.
Establishment of a modern research university (UP).
Creation of more public hospitals.
Exploration of mineral resources.
Improved transportation and communication systems.
Focus on agriculture, food processing, forestry, medicine, and pharmacy.
Limited focus on industrial technology development due to free trade policies with the US.
Establishment of the Bureau of Government Laboratories (later the Bureau of Science) focusing on tropical diseases, laboratory projects, agriculture, health and food processing.
The Bureau served as a training ground for Filipino scientists.
Despite its contributions, industrial technology development remained largely neglected.

World War II

Destabilization of national development.
Destruction of institutions and public facilities.
Government funds primarily allocated to rebuilding institutions and facilities.
Use of Overseas Development Allocations to improve scientific productivity and technological capabilities.

Technology Index (1982)

The Philippines' S&T index was 0.1 compared to the U.S. (100).

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Description

Explore the relationships between science, technology, and society in this quiz. Delve into how these elements influence socio-economic progress and industrialization, with a historical context from the 19th century onwards. Test your understanding of these critical interactions and their implications for national development.