Structural & Functional Organization of the Human Body

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following accurately describes the function of a neuron?

  • Neurons are involved in the contraction and relaxation of muscles.
  • Neurons are responsible for the production and secretion of hormones.
  • Neurons are responsible for the transport of oxygen and nutrients to tissues.
  • Neurons are specialized cells that transmit electrical signals throughout the body. (correct)

Which type of connective tissue provides support and flexibility to the body, and is found in structures like the ears and nose?

  • Bone
  • Adipose tissue
  • Dense regular connective tissue
  • Cartilage (correct)

What is the key difference between simple and stratified epithelia?

  • The type of cells present.
  • The function of the tissue.
  • The number of cell layers present. (correct)
  • The presence of extracellular matrix.

Which of the following is NOT a type of fibrous connective tissue?

<p>Cartilage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of organization is characterized by groups of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

<p>Tissue level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the correct order of the levels of organization from simplest to most complex?

<p>Chemical- Cellular - Tissue - Organ - Organ system - Organismal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for voluntary movements like walking and lifting?

<p>Skeletal muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

<p>Anatomy focuses on the structure of the body, while physiology examines its function. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Histology

The study of the microscopic structure of tissues.

Anatomy

The branch of biology dealing with the structure of organisms.

Physiology

The study of the functions and processes of the body.

Levels of Organization

The hierarchy of biological structures in the body: chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismal.

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Epithelial Tissues

Tissues that cover body surfaces and line cavities, divided into simple and stratified types.

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Types of Connective Tissue

Includes fibrous, cartilage, bone, adipose, and blood; supports and binds other tissues.

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Muscle Tissue Types

Three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth, each with distinct features.

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Nerve Cells

Cells that transmit signals in the nervous system, also known as neurons.

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Study Notes

Structural & Functional Organization of the Human Body (L3)

  • Definitions: Anatomy, physiology, histology
  • Organization of the Body:
    • Atoms are held together by chemical bonds
    • The body is designed to acquire and use raw materials and energy
  • Levels of Structural Organization:
    • Chemical Level:
      • Subatomic particles, atoms, molecules, macromolecules
    • Cellular Level:
      • Cells and organelles (basic cell functions)
      • Eukaryotic cell structures and functions
    • Tissue Level:
      • Epithelial Tissue: Simple and stratified sheets, general features/appearance
      • Connective Tissue:
        • General types (fibrous – loose, dense irregular, dense regular; specialized – cartilage, bone, adipose, blood)
        • General features/appearance
        • 3 types of muscle tissue (skeletal, cardiac, smooth) , features/appearance
      • Muscular Tissue
        • General features/appearance of each type
      • Nervous Tissue:
        • Neurons and neuroglia, descriptions and functions
    • Organ Level, organ system level, organismal level

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