STL Library in C++

Study Notes

STL Library

The Standard Template Library (STL) is a collection of generic containers, algorithms, and iterators in C++.

Containers

Sequence Containers:
- vector: a dynamic array that can grow or shrink in size
- deque: a double-ended queue that allows efficient insertion and deletion at both ends
- list: a doubly-linked list that allows efficient insertion and deletion at any position
Associative Containers:
- set: a sorted set of unique elements
- multiset: a sorted set of elements that can have duplicates
- map: a sorted associative container that maps keys to values
- multimap: a sorted associative container that maps keys to values and allows duplicates
Container Adapters:
- stack: a last-in-first-out (LIFO) container
- queue: a first-in-first-out (FIFO) container
- priority_queue: a priority-based queue

Algorithms

Non-Modifying Algorithms:
- find: finds the first occurrence of a value in a range
- find_if: finds the first occurrence of a value in a range that satisfies a predicate
- count: counts the number of occurrences of a value in a range
Modifying Algorithms:
- copy: copies a range of elements to another range
- move: moves a range of elements to another range
- sort: sorts a range of elements in ascending order
- reverse: reverses the order of a range of elements
Numeric Algorithms:
- accumulate: calculates the sum of a range of elements
- inner_product: calculates the inner product of two ranges of elements

Iterators

Iterator Categories:
- Input Iterator: allows reading from a sequence
- Output Iterator: allows writing to a sequence
- Forward Iterator: allows reading and writing to a sequence in a forward direction
- Bidirectional Iterator: allows reading and writing to a sequence in both forward and backward directions
- Random Access Iterator: allows reading and writing to a sequence at any position
Iterator Functions:
- advance: advances an iterator to a specific position
- distance: calculates the distance between two iterators

Description

STL (Standard Template Library) - C++da konteynerlar, algoritmlar va iteratorlarning to'plami. Ushbu o'quv qo'llanmasida STLning turli komponentlari, ularning xususiyatlari va ishlatilishi tavsiflanadi.