Sterilization and Disinfection

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between sterilization and disinfection?

Sterilization is for inanimate objects, while disinfection is for living tissues.

Sterilization kills or removes all microorganisms, including bacterial spores, while disinfection aims to destroy most microbial forms. (correct)

Sterilization uses only physical procedures, while disinfection uses only chemical agents.

Sterilization is a quick process, while disinfection takes longer.

Which statement about disinfection is correct?

Disinfection is always achieved through chemical agents only.

Disinfection can completely eliminate all types of microbial forms.

Disinfection is only necessary for inanimate environments and tools.

Disinfection aims to destroy most microbial forms, but some resistant organisms may remain viable. (correct)

What is the purpose of decontamination?

To inhibit or eliminate microbes on skin, mucous membranes, or living tissue.

To remove pathogenic microorganisms from objects or living tissues by using sterilization methods.

To reduce the reproduction of microorganisms in a dry environment.

To remove pathogenic microorganisms from objects or living tissues by using disinfection or sterilization or antisepsis. (correct)

Which method is commonly used for sterilization?

Steam sterilization (heating in an autoclave) Signup and view all the answers

What factor affects the duration of the sterilization process?

Temperature Signup and view all the answers

What does moist heat sterilization involve?

Heating in an autoclave Signup and view all the answers

Which method uses dry heat to create oxidation and eliminate moisture for sterilization?

Autoclaving Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred type of water for boiling used in disinfection and sterilization?

Distilled water Signup and view all the answers

Which method retains microorganisms by absorption or keeps them mechanically?

Filtration Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using membrane filters with different pore diameters?

To filter out bacteria, yeast cells, and viruses Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when using UV rays for sterilization?

Duration of use Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is incompatible with soaps and many normal detergents?

Quaternary ammonium compounds Signup and view all the answers

What are the important considerations when using disinfectants?

Contact time, dilutions preparation, and resistance development Signup and view all the answers

Which method uses strips and tubes containing bacterial spores to test the effectiveness of sterilization?

Biological control Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for addressing any issues that may arise after sterilization?

Post-sterilization checks and record keeping Signup and view all the answers

What can cause autoclave accidents?

Inadequate maintenance, improper usage, or equipment failure Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can lead to explosions during heat sterilization?

Presence of volatile substances Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Autoclaving is a process of heat sterilization used in pharmaceutical industry for sterilization and disinfection.
Autoclave parameters include saturated steam, heat, and time.
Moist heat sterilization is a method of heat sterilization where materials are heated in liquid.
Boiling water is used for disinfection and sterilization, and distilled water is preferred.
Tyndallisation is a method used to keep heat-sensitive materials at certain temperatures for several days.
Dry heat sterilization is another method where dry heat is used to create oxidation and eliminate moisture.
Dry heat sterilization is used for glassware, metalware, and some powders, but not for media and liquids.
Filtration is another method of sterilization where microorganisms are retained by absorption or kept mechanically.
Membrane filters are used with different pore diameters for bacteria, yeast cells, and viruses.
UV rays are used for sterilization but require consideration for the environment and duration of use.
Disinfectants are used to destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms and come in different levels of action.
Quaternary ammonium compounds are incompatible with soaps and many normal detergents.
The contact time, preparation of dilutions, and resistance development are important considerations when using disinfectants.
Sterilization control methods include mechanical, chemical, and biological methods for monitoring the effectiveness of sterilization.
Mechanical control uses time and temperature graphs, while chemical control uses temperature-sensitive tapes and strips.
Biological control uses strips and tubes containing bacterial spores to test the effectiveness of sterilization.
Post-sterilization checks and record keeping are necessary for addressing any issues that may arise.
Autoclave accidents include a 45-ton autoclave jumping 4500m away due to a 40 kg TNT equivalent explosion.
Heat sterilization can also lead to explosions if the heat and pressure are not controlled properly.
Autoclave accidents can result from inadequate maintenance, improper usage, or equipment failure.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the principles and methods of sterilization and disinfection. Learn about killing or removing microorganisms, the use of physical and chemical agents, and the difference between sterilization and disinfection.