15 Questions
What is one of the main aims of epidemiology?
To analyze the relationship between exposure and outcome
Which study design is characterized by the participants being followed over time to observe outcomes?
Cohort studies
In epidemiology, what does the term 'exposure' refer to?
The variables that may influence the outcome
Which type of study design is particularly useful for rare diseases or outcomes?
Case-control studies
What is a characteristic of ecological studies in epidemiology?
They often rely on existing data at the population level
What is the main advantage of a randomized epidemiological trial over a cohort study?
Allows for the random assignment of exposure
In a case-control study, what is a disadvantage regarding the assessment of exposure?
Unable to estimate P(D|E)
What is the main difference between a cohort study and a randomized epidemiological trial?
Observational vs random allocation regarding the exposure
In which type of study design is the selection criteria based on the disease of interest?
Case-control study
What characteristic distinguishes a cohort study from a case-control study?
Prospective vs retrospective study
What is a disadvantage of cross-sectional studies?
They are unable to estimate incidence
In ecological studies, what is a disadvantage of using aggregated data?
It fails to control for some confounders
What is an advantage of time series analysis for studying short-term effects of environmental exposure on population health indicators?
It efficiently controls for potential confounders
Which type of study uses random assignation and selection criteria based on exposure?
Cohort study
What is a limitation of observational studies?
They are unable to guarantee that exposure precedes the disease
This quiz covers the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of cross-sectional studies in health sciences. It discusses the random sampling from the population of interest, single measurements in each individual, and the assessment of exposure and disease status after individual selection.
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