B.Sc. in Applied Statistics: Measuring Association in Health Sciences
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Questions and Answers

Which indicator is used to compare the risk of suffering a given disease when a given exposure is present or absent?

  • Correlation Coefficient
  • Standard Error
  • Odds Ratio (correct)
  • Hazard Ratio

    • What can be used to assess the association between having been exposed to a given condition and suffering a given disease?

  • Mode
  • Mean Absolute Deviation
  • Relative Risk (correct)
  • Sample Variance

    • What does Population Attributable Risk measure?

  • The proportion of disease cases in the population that could be attributed to the exposure (correct)
  • The mean of the population data
  • The variance of the population data
  • The risk of disease in a specific population

    • Under what conditions are Relative Risk, Odds Ratio, and Attributable Risk estimable?

    <p>In both experimental and observational studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which measure is used to compare risks under different study designs?

    <p>Prevalence Ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper measure to compare the risk of a disease between two exposure groups in cohort studies?

    <p>Risk ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Attributable Fractions?

    <p>To estimate the proportion of disease cases due to exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the interpretation of RR = 1.50 in a cohort study?

    <p>The disease risk is 50% higher in the exposed group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to estimate P(D|E) in case-control studies?

    <p>Odds ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transformation of probability is used to compare the prevalence of exposure in case-control studies?

    <p>Odds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What measure of association is used in cross-sectional studies to compare the prevalence of disease between two exposure groups?

    <p>Prevalence ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an OR = 1.71 indicate in a case-control study?

    <p>The odds of having the disease among exposed are 71% higher than among non-exposed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When comparing two groups, why could using ratios lead to different results than using differences?

    <p>Ratios and differences work in different metrics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if PR1 > PR2 while PD1 < PD2 in a given study?

    <p>It suggests inconsistency between different measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are ratios more widely used than differences in studies?

    <p>Ratios are more interpretable than differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which measure of association is used to compare cumulative incidence in cohort studies?

    <p>Risk difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an OR = 1 indicate in a case-control study?

    <p>There is no association between exposure and disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

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