Statistics and Research Methods Quiz

Sampling Methods

• Simple random sampling is a sampling method based on equal probability.

Chi-Square Distribution

• The mean of a Chi-Square distribution with 6 degrees of freedom is 6.
• Chi-Square is a non-parametric test.

Research Methods

• Methods of research include:
  • Experimental research
  • Quasi-experimental research
  • Survey research
  • Case study research
  • Content analysis research

Research Design

• Two types of research design are:
  • Exploratory research design: used to explore a new topic or area of study
  • Explanatory research design: used to explain the relationship between variables

Characteristics of a Good Sample

• A good sample should be representative of the population
• A good sample should be large enough to be reliable
• A good sample should be free from bias

Importance of Research

• Research is important because it helps to:
  • Identify problems and opportunities
  • Generate new knowledge
  • Improve decision-making
  • Solve problems

Literature Review

• Sources of literature review include:
  • Academic journals
  • Books
  • Conference proceedings
  • Online articles
  • Government reports

Non-Probability Sampling Methods

• Non-probability sampling methods include:
  • Convenience sampling
  • Purposive sampling
  • Quota sampling
  • Snowball sampling

Hypothesis Testing Procedure

• Steps in hypothesis testing include:
  • State the null and alternative hypotheses
  • Select a significance level
  • Calculate the test statistic
  • Determine the p-value
  • Make a decision based on the p-value

Chi-Square Test

• The Chi-Square test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between observed and expected frequencies.
• The test is used in the given problem to determine if brand preference is the same for all cities.

Type I and Type II Errors

• Type I error: rejecting a true null hypothesis
• Type II error: failing to reject a false null hypothesis
• The probability of Type I error is represented by α (alpha)
• The probability of Type II error is represented by β (beta)