10 Questions
What is the advantage of multi-stage sampling?
It is a convenient, less time-consuming, and less expensive method
What is a disadvantage of multi-stage sampling?
An element sample bias gets introduced
What is the critical difference between probability and non-probability sampling methods?
The mechanics used in the sample design
What is a characteristic of non-probability sampling methods?
The probability of any item being selected from the population cannot be calculated
What is an example of a high-traffic area in convenience sampling?
A shopping area
What is a limitation of convenience sampling?
Certain members of the population are automatically eliminated from the sampling process
What is the purpose of non-probability sampling methods?
To draw a representative sample
What is the difference between multi-stage sampling and convenience sampling?
Multi-stage sampling is a method of probability sampling, while convenience sampling is a method of non-probability sampling
What is the main characteristic of probability sampling?
The probability of any item being selected from the population is known
What is the main advantage of probability sampling?
It allows for the calculation of the probability of selection
Study Notes
Probability Sampling Methods
- The method of sampling, not the size of the sample or population, determines whether it's probability or non-probability sampling.
Simple Random Sampling
- All members of the population have an equal probability of being selected for the sample, expressed by the formula: Probability of selection = Sample Size / Population Size.
- Examples include the "blind draw" method and the table of random numbers method.
- Blind draw method: blindly choosing participants by their names or unique designations.
- Table of random numbers method: using a table of random numbers to ensure randomness.
Systematic Sampling
- A probability sampling technique that is often more efficient than simple random sampling.
- Involves a random starting point and a skip interval calculated by dividing the population size by the sample size.
- Example: if the population size is 100,000 and the sample size is 1,000, the skip interval is 100.
Cluster Sampling
- Used for large populations, scattered distributions, or when individual selection is not convenient.
- Involves selecting clusters or groups of the population, such as schools or regions, rather than individual members.
- Example: selecting a sample of 4th-grade students in elementary schools in Ethiopia by random sampling of schools and teachers.
Non-Probability Sampling
- Does not involve probability calculations for selecting samples.
- Examples include convenience sampling, quota sampling, snowball sampling, and judgment sampling.
Convenience Sampling
- A non-probability sampling method that involves selecting samples based on convenience, such as location or accessibility.
- Selection is subjective, and certain members of the population may be excluded, such as those who do not frequent high-traffic areas.
Learn about probability sampling methods, including simple random sampling and how to calculate the probability of selection in a sample.
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