Stacks Representation using Arrays and Linked Lists
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Questions and Answers

What should be done if the queue is full during insertion?

Produce an overflow error and exit

What is the next step after checking if the queue is not full during insertion?

Increment the rear pointer to point to the next space

What is the action taken if the queue is empty during deletion?

Print underflow and exit

How is the front pointer adjusted during deletion?

<p>Increment the front pointer to point to the next available data element</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a circular queue?

<p>To overcome the problem of unutilized space in a linear queue</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a circular queue, where is the new element inserted when the last location is full?

<p>At the very first location of the queue</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are elements served in a priority queue?

<p>Higher priority elements are served first.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What data structures can be used to implement a priority queue?

<p>Arrays, Linked list, Heap data structure, Binary search tree.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process of insertion in a priority queue.

<p>When a new element is inserted, it moves to the empty slot from top to bottom and left to right. If not in correct place, it's compared with parent node and may be swapped.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the time complexity for inserting elements into a sorted array in a priority queue?

<p>O(n).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a min priority queue?

<p>If the element with the smallest value has the highest priority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a max priority queue?

<p>If the element with a higher value has the highest priority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pop() operation in a stack?

<p>The <code>pop()</code> function in a stack is used to delete an element from the stack. It always deletes the element from the top position of the stack.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the three steps involved in the pop() operation of a stack.

<p>The three steps involved in the <code>pop()</code> operation of a stack are:</p> <ol> <li>Check if the stack is empty (top == -1).</li> <li>If the stack is empty, display an error message and terminate the function.</li> <li>If the stack is not empty, delete the element at the top (stack[top]) and decrement the top value by one (top--).</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main notations used to represent arithmetic expressions?

<p>The three main notations used to represent arithmetic expressions are:</p> <ol> <li>Infix notation: A+B</li> <li>Prefix (Polish) notation: +AB</li> <li>Postfix (Reverse Polish) notation: AB+</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of converting an infix expression to a postfix expression using a stack.

<p>The process of converting an infix expression to a postfix expression using a stack involves the following steps:1. Initialize an empty stack.2. Scan the infix expression from left to right.3. For each operand, add it to the postfix expression.4. For each operator, push it onto the stack if it has higher precedence than the top of the stack, otherwise pop operators from the stack and add them to the postfix expression until the current operator can be pushed.5. After scanning the entire infix expression, pop any remaining operators from the stack and add them to the postfix expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the key characteristics of the queue data structure.

<p>The key characteristics of the queue data structure are:1. Additions are made at the end or tail of the queue.2. Removals are made from the front or head of the queue.3. It follows a First-In-First-Out (FIFO) structure, where the first element added is the first one to be removed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write an algorithm to display the elements of a stack.

<p>The algorithm to display the elements of a stack is as follows:1. Check if the stack is empty (top == -1).2. If the stack is empty, display a message saying the stack is empty.3. If the stack is not empty, start from the top (top) and print the elements one by one until the bottom of the stack is reached (top &gt;= 0).</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a circular queue using an array, how is the position of the new element to be inserted calculated?

<p>The position of the new element to be inserted is calculated by: rear = (rear + 1) % MAXSIZE</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is checked to detect overflow in a circular queue during insertion?

<p>The condition (Rear + 1) % Maxsize == Front is checked to detect overflow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the deletion algorithm for a circular queue, what is the first step?

<p>The first step is to check for the underflow condition: If Front == -1, print &quot;Underflow&quot; and exit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the front pointer updated after deleting an element from a circular queue with only one element?

<p>If Front == Rear after deleting the element, both Front and Rear are set to -1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a priority queue, and how does it differ from a regular queue?

<p>A priority queue is a special type of queue where each element is associated with a priority value. Elements are dequeued based on their priority rather than their order of arrival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the rear pointer in a circular queue is at the end of the array and the front pointer is not at the 0th index, what is done during insertion?

<p>If Rear = Maxsize - 1 &amp; Front != 0, then Rear is set to 0 during insertion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic principle behind the stack data structure?

<p>The stack data structure follows the Last-In First-Out (LIFO) principle, where the last element added to the stack is the first one to be removed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a stack typically represented using a one-dimensional array?

<p>A stack can be represented using a one-dimensional array, where the <code>top</code> variable keeps track of the index of the top element in the array. When adding an element, the <code>top</code> is incremented, and when removing an element, the <code>top</code> is decremented.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a stack typically represented using a single linked list?

<p>When a stack is implemented using a single linked list, each node contains a data field and a pointer to the next node in the list. The <code>top</code> is a pointer to the top of the list, and when <code>top</code> is <code>NULL</code> (or <code>NIL</code>), the stack is empty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the convention for indicating an empty stack when using a one-dimensional array?

<p>The convention for indicating an empty stack when using a one-dimensional array is to set the <code>top</code> variable to be equal to -1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process for inserting a value into a stack implemented using a one-dimensional array?

<p>To insert a value into a stack implemented using a one-dimensional array:1. Check if the stack is full (i.e., <code>top == SIZE-1</code>).2. If the stack is full, display an error message and terminate the function.3. If the stack is not full, increment the <code>top</code> variable by 1 and then insert the value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process for deleting a value from a stack implemented using a one-dimensional array?

<p>To delete a value from a stack implemented using a one-dimensional array:1. Delete the value at the current <code>top</code> index.2. Decrement the <code>top</code> variable by 1 to keep track of the new top of the stack.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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