29 Questions
What is the primary criterion for defining a biological species according to the Biological Species Concept?
The ability to interbreed under natural conditions
What is the primary difference between S.magna and S.neglecta, despite their similar body shape and coloration?
Behavioral differences
Which of the following modes of speciation occurs when a new species emerges from a single population within the same geographic area?
Sympatric speciation
What is the term for the process of reproductive isolation between populations?
Reproductive isolation
What is the term for the process by which a single species radiates into multiple new species, often due to environmental pressures?
Adaptive radiation
What is the effect of stabilizing selection on the population?
Reduce in genetic variability
Which of the following is an example of stabilizing selection?
Human birth weight
What happens to the number of individuals with extreme phenotypes in a population under stabilizing selection?
They decrease in number
Why do underweight babies have a lower survival rate in a population under stabilizing selection?
They are prone to illness
What is the reason for the survival of intermediate-sized lizards in a population?
They are well-adapted to the environment and can defend their territory
What is the primary characteristic of individuals favoured by stabilizing selection?
They have an intermediate phenotype
Which of the following is a mechanism of sympatric speciation in plants?
Polyploidy
What is the result of non-random mating in sympatric speciation?
Reduced gene flow
What is the primary cause of sympatric speciation?
Reproductive barrier/isolation
What happens to a small population in sympatric speciation?
It becomes a new species
What is the outcome of sympatric speciation?
A new species is established
What is the key characteristic of sympatric speciation?
Overlap of geographical areas
What is the role of genetic drift in speciation and evolution?
It plays an important role in speciation and evolution.
What is an example of the founder effect?
A few members of a population being blown by a storm to a new island
What is a characteristic of the F2 generation of hybrids?
They fail to develop or are infertile
What is a factor that can contribute to genetic drift?
Geographical barrier
Why is the allele causing Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome more common in the Old Order Amish community in Pennsylvania?
Because the Amish population was founded by a small group of individuals who carried the allele
What is the term for the reduction of a population size due to environmental factors, leading to genetic drift?
Bottleneck effect
What is the primary effect of genetic drift on a population?
Reduces the overall genetic variability
What is the outcome of genetic drift on a population's allele frequencies?
Can lead to the loss or fixation of alleles
In which type of population does genetic drift have the greatest impact?
Small populations
What can genetic drift cause to happen to an allele?
Become eliminated from a population
What drives the changes in allele frequencies due to genetic drift?
Random chance events
What is the result of genetic drift on the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
It shifts the equilibrium
Test your understanding of stabilizing selection, a type of natural selection that favors intermediate phenotypes and reduces genetic variability. Learn how it acts against extreme phenotypes and increases the survival of individuals with intermediate traits.
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